Black shales of the lower Cambrian Niutitang formation in the northwestern Guizhou are widespread. The research results about hydrothermal mineralization at home and abroad have been applied into the study of organic-rich black shales. The correlation between hydrothermal characteristic elements and organic matter abundance was analyzed through the sedimentary geochemistry and organic geochemistry test data. Two sets of samples from similar sedimentary environments but different in hydrothermal activities were selected. Ancient productivity and redox environment have been restored. It is proved that hydrothermal activity can provide material basis for the development of marine organisms and increase the paleoproductivity. It will also increase the degree of hypoxia in the anoxic environment and improved organic matter preservation conditions. Overall, favorable conditions can be provided for the development of the source rock.