微生物采油技术研究进展与发展趋势
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汪卫东(1967—),男,安徽桐城人,正高级工程师,博士,从事微生物采油技术研究与推广工作。E-mail:wangweidong168.slyt@sinopec.com。

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中国石化科研攻关项目“水驱稠油微生物驱技术研究及示范应用”(P18087)。


Research advance and development trend in microbial enhanced oil recovery technology
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    摘要:

    近十几年来,主要有两方面原因促使微生物采油技术进入快速发展阶段,一是基于16S rRNA的微生物生态分析技术的应用,尤其是高通量测序技术的应用,实现了油藏极端环境微生物群落结构与动态演变规律的快速准确解析;二是以聚合物驱为主导的化学驱油技术的应用已经越过其高峰期,适合化学驱的油藏资源越来越少,对接替技术的迫切需求让微生物采油技术再次受到关注。微生物采油技术本身的发展和生产需求使该技术理论研究和现场试验得到快速发展,其应用工艺与以前相比也发生了巨大的变化,随着现场试验规模的扩大和时间的延长,微生物采油机理也进一步明确,以乳化、产气为主导机理已形成共识。但该技术的优势在现场应用过程中仍没有得到充分发挥,实现大规模工业化应用仍面临诸多问题,主要是油藏微生物生态功能的精准调控和微生物采油配套技术需要进一步研究及完善。

    Abstract:

    In the past dozen years,microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR)technology has boomed mainly for two reasons.First,the application of 16S rRNA-based microbial ecological analysis technology,especially the application of highthroughput sequencing technology has realized the fast and accurate analysis of the microbial community structure and dynamic evolution laws in extreme environments of oil reservoirs. Second,the application of chemical flooding technology dominated by polymer flooding has crossed its peak period,and the number of oil reservoirs suitable for chemical flooding is decreasing. MEOR technology has drawn second attention due to the urgent demand for replacement technology. The development of MOR technology and production requirements have led to the rapid development of theoretical research and field trials of this technology,and its application process has also undergone tremendous changes compared with the previous one. With the expansion of the scale and time of field trials,the mechanism of MEOR technology has been further clarified,and a consensus has been formed with emulsification and gas production as the dominant mechanism. However,the advantages of this technology have not been fully utilized in field application,and the realization of large-scale industrial application still faces many problems,mainly the precise regulation of the microbial ecological function in oil reservoirs and further research and improvement on the supporting technology of microbial oil recovery.

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汪卫东.微生物采油技术研究进展与发展趋势[J].油气地质与采收率,2021,28(2):1~9

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-06-02
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