en
×

分享给微信好友或者朋友圈

使用微信“扫一扫”功能。
作者简介:

费李莹(1988—),女,山西霍州人,工程师,硕士,从事石油地质综合与油气勘探工作。E-mail:fliying@petrochina.com.cn。

中图分类号:TE121.3

文献标识码:A

文章编号:1009-9603(2020)02-0026-09

DOI:10.13673/j.cnki.cn37-1359/te.2020.02.004

参考文献 1
朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):244-251.ZHU Xiaomin,ZHANG Yina,YANG Junsheng,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(2):244-251.
参考文献 2
李双文,刘洛夫,张有平,等.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积演化及微相构成[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):819-828.LI Shuangwen,LIU Luofu,ZHANG Youping,et al.Sedimentary evolution and microfacies architecture of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(6):819-828.
参考文献 3
邱子刚,戴雄军,施小荣.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积相[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(5):183-186.QIU Zigang,DAI Xiongjun,SHI Xiaorong.Sedimentary facies of Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(5):183-186.
参考文献 4
张宝露,李维锋,袁晓光.莫北凸起勘探新区——M116井区三工河组二段沉积相与有利砂体预测[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):42-48.ZHANG Baolu,LI Weifeng,YUAN Xiaoguang.Sedimentary facies and prediction of favorable sandstones of the Member 2 of San⁃ gonghe formation in M116 wellblock-New exploration area of Mo⁃ bei Arch[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):42-48.
参考文献 5
孙靖,吴爱成,王然,等.准噶尔盆地中央坳陷莫索湾地区侏罗系三工河组深层致密砂岩气储集层特征及成因[J].古地理学报,2017,19(5):907-918.SUN Jing,WU Aicheng,WANG Ran,et al.Characteristics and or⁃igin of deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Jurassic Sangong⁃ he formation,Mosuowan area,Central Depression,Junggar Basin [J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(5):907-918.
参考文献 6
张冬玲,鲍志东,王建伟,等.准噶尔盆地中部下侏罗统三工河组二段沉积相及储层特征[J].古地理学报,2005,7(2):185-196.ZHANG Dongling,BAO Zhidong,WANG Jianwei,et al.Sedimen⁃ tary facies and reservoir characters of the Member2 of Sangonghe Formation of Lower Jurassic in Central Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(2):185-196.
参考文献 7
操应长,杜亮慧,王艳忠,等.准噶尔盆地中部Ⅰ区块三工河组储层沉积成岩综合相及其测井识别[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.CAO Yingchang,DU Lianghui,WANG Yanzhong,et al.Reservoir sedimentary-diagenetic synthetic facies and its logging identifica⁃ tion of Sangonghe Formation in Block1 of Central Junggar Basin [J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.
参考文献 8
高小康,胡文瑄,曹剑,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾-莫北地区油气运移方向和成藏体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(2):250-256.GAO Xiaokang,HU Wenxuan,CAO Jian,et al.Study of hydrocar⁃ bon migration and accumulation in the Mosuowan-Mobei area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(2):250-256.
参考文献 9
薄冬梅,姜林,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区原油运移研究 [J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(4):18-23.BO Dongmei,JIANG Lin,QU Jiangxiu.Study on oil migration in Mosuowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2007,31(4):18-23.
参考文献 10
周勇水,邱楠生,宋鑫颖,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压地层烃源岩热演化史研究[J].地质科学,2014,49(3):812-822.ZHOU Yongshui,QIU Nansheng,SONG Xinying,et al.Study of source rock thermal evolution in overpressure formations in the hinterland of Junggar Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2014,49(3):812-822.
参考文献 11
张年富.准噶尔盆地腹部莫索湾地区油气成藏条件与成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):17-20.ZHANG Nianfu.Fluid compartment and hydrocarbon accumula⁃ tion in Mosuowan area in central part of Junggar basin[J].Petro⁃ leum Exploration and Development,2000,27(3):17-20.
参考文献 12
姜林,宋岩,查明,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区超压与油气成藏 [J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(6):24-28.JIANG Lin,SONG Yan,ZHA Ming,et al.Study on relationship be⁃ tween overpressure and hydrocarbon on accumulation in Mo⁃ suowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum In⁃ stitute,2008,32(6):24-28.
参考文献 13
赵孟军,宋岩,柳少波,等.准噶尔盆地天然气成藏体系和成藏过程分析[J].地质评论,2009,55(2):215-224.ZHAO Mengjun,SONG Yan,LIU Shaobo,et al.Accumulation sys⁃ tems and filling process of natural gas in Junggar Basin[J].Geo⁃ logical Review,2009,55(2):215-224.
参考文献 14
张义杰,柳广弟.准噶尔盆地复合油气系统特征、演化与油气勘探方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):36-39.ZHANG Yijie,LIU Guangdi.Characteristics and evolution of com⁃ posite petroleum systems and the exploration strategy in Junggar basin,northwest China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop⁃ ment,2002,29(1):36-39.
参考文献 15
邹才能,赵政璋,杨华,等.陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.ZOU Caineng,ZHAO Zhengzhang,YANG Hua,et al.Genetic mechanism and distribution of sandy debris flows in terrestrial la⁃ custrine basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.
参考文献 16
HAMPTON M A.Competence of fine-grained debris flows[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1975,45:834-844.
参考文献 17
SHANMUGAM G.Perception vs reality in deep-water exploration [J].World Oil,1996,217:37-41.
参考文献 18
SHANMUGAM G.High-density turbidity currents:Are they sandy debris flows?[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1996,66(1):2-10.
参考文献 19
SHANMUGAM G.50 years of the turbidite paradigm(1950-1990s):deep-water processes and facies models-a critical per⁃ spective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.
参考文献 20
杨仁超,何治亮,邱桂强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世重力流沉积体系[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):661-670.YANG Renchao,HE Zhiliang,QIU Guiqiang,et al.Late Triassic gravity flow depositional systems in the southern Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):661-670.
参考文献 21
万力,李胜利,于兴河,等.坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状河三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(1):23-31,117.WAN Li,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,et al.Effect of slope-breaks on the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentation of lacustrine delta:A case of Sangonghe formation in the eastern Junggar basin[J].Jour⁃ nal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(1):23-31,117.
参考文献 22
王观宏,黄传炎,刘恩涛,等.福山凹陷南部缓坡流沙港组坡折带特征及对沉积、油气成藏的控制[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.WANG Guanhong,HUANG Chuanyan,LIU Entao,et al.Charac⁃ teristics of slope-breaks and its control on sedimentation and hy⁃ drocarbon accumulation of Liushagang Formation in gentle slope of south Fushan sag[J].Journal of Central South University:Sci⁃ ence and Technology,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.
参考文献 23
李相博,刘化清,陈启林,等.大型坳陷湖盆沉积坡折带特征及其对砂体与油气的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(4):717-729.LI Xiangbo,LIU Huaqing,CHEN Qilin,et al.Characteristics of slope break belt in large depression lacustrine basin and its con⁃ trolling effect on sandbody and petroleum:Taking the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin as an example[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(4):717-729.
参考文献 24
李楠,李国辉,吴长江,等.坡折带控制下的砂质碎屑流对油气勘探的意义——以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例[J].四川地质学报,2014,34(4):505-509.LI Nan,LI Guohui,WU Changjiang,et al.The application of san⁃dy debris flow under the control of slope break to oil-gas explora⁃ tion[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2014,34(4):505-509.
参考文献 25
陈丽祥,李慧勇,代黎明,等.埕北低凸起围区古沟谷与古坡折带特征及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2016,13(5):15-19.CHEN Lixiang,LI Huiyong,DAI Liming,et al.Characteristics of ancient valleys and ancient slope break in the fenced area of Chengbei Low Uplift and its control over the depositional system [J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2016,13(5):15-19.
参考文献 26
刘豪,王英民.准噶尔盆地坳陷湖盆坡折带在非构造圈闭勘探中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(4):422-427.LIU Hao,WANG Yingmin.Significance of slope break zones in downwarped lake basins to exploration of non-structural traps in Junggar basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(4):422-427.
参考文献 27
任本兵,瞿建华,王泽胜,等.玛湖凹陷三叠纪古地貌对沉积的分级控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(5):81-89.REN Benbing,QU Jianhua,WANG Zesheng,et al.Hierarchical control function of the paleogeomorphology in Triassic period to sedimentary in Mahu sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni⁃ versity:Science and Technology Edition,2016,38(5):81-89.
参考文献 28
匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.KUANG Lichun,TANG Yong,LEI Dewen,et al.Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baik⁃ ouquan formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Junggar ba⁃ sin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(6):14-23.
参考文献 29
唐勇,徐洋,瞿建华,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲群特征及分布[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):628-635.TANG Yong,XU Yang,QU Jianhua,et al.Fan-delta group char⁃ acteristics and its distribution of the Triassic Baikouquan reser⁃ voirs in Mahu sag of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geolo⁃ gy,2014,35(6):628-635.
参考文献 30
雷德文,瞿建华,安志渊,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组低渗砂砾岩油气藏成藏条件及富集规律[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):642-647.LEI Dewen,QU Jianhua,AN Zhiyuan,et al.Hydrocarbon accumu⁃ lation conditions and enrichment regularity of low-permeability glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):642-647.
参考文献 31
支东明,唐勇,郑孟林,等.玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区形成分布与勘探实践[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(1):1-8,22.ZHI Dongming,TANG Yong,ZHENG Menglin,et al.Discovery,distribution and exploration practice of large oil provinces of above-source conglomerate in Mahu sag[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(1):1-8,22.
参考文献 32
张曰静.准噶尔盆地腹部下侏罗统三工河组物源体系分析[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(5):540-542.ZHANG Yuejing.Provenance analysis of Jurassic Sangonghe for⁃ mation in hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Ge⁃ ology,2012,33(5):540-542.
参考文献 33
彭勇民,宋传春,欧方军,等.准噶尔盆地腹部地区侏罗系沉积体系展布[J].新疆地质,2008,26(3):265-269.PENG Yongmin,SONG Chuanchun,OU Fangjun,et al.Distrub⁃ tions of Jurassic depositional systems in the inland region of Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2008,26(3):265-269.
参考文献 34
高红灿,郑荣才,魏钦廉,等.碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(8):815-827.GAO Hongcan,ZHENG Rongcai,WEI Qinlian,et al.Reviews on fluid properties and sedimentary characteristics of debris flows and turbidity currents[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2012,27(8):815-827.
参考文献 35
陈亮,甘华军,祝春荣,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷沉降史研究 [J].新疆石油学院学报,2002,14(4):12-17.CHEN Liang,GAN Huajun,ZHU Chunrong,et al.Study on sub⁃ sidence history of Weixinan depression in Beibuwan basin[J].Journal of Xinjiang Petroleum Institute,2002,14(4):12-17.
参考文献 36
纪友亮,周勇,况军,等.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起形成演化及对沉积相的控制作用[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.JI Youliang,ZHOU Yong,KUANG Jun,et al.The formation and evolution of Chepaizi-Mosuowan paleo-uplift and its control on the distributions of sedimentary facies in the Junggar basin[J].Science China:Earth Science,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.
参考文献 37
李晓君.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起的发育演化特征及其对沉积的控制作用[J].油气地球物理,2013,11(1):65-67.LI Xiaojun.Features of the development and evolution of the Chemo palaeohigh of Zhunger Basin and its control on the sedi⁃ mentation[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2013,11(1):65-67.
参考文献 38
厚刚福,瞿建华,朱峰,等.古地貌对沉积体系和沉积微相的控制作用分析——以准噶尔盆地腹部白垩系清水河组为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.HOU Gangfu,QU Jianhua,ZHU Feng,et al.Controlling effect of paleogeomorphology on sedimentary system and sedimentary mi⁃ crofacies:A case study of Cretaceous Qingshuihe formation in the hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Journal of China University of Min⁃ ing & Technology,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.
参考文献 39
陈晓轩.盆1井西凹陷东北环带侏罗系三工河组成藏主控因素研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2016.CHEN Xiaoxuan.Study on the main controlling factors of hydro⁃ carbon accumulation of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in the north-east belt around depression to the west of well Pen-1[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2016.
参考文献 40
廖健德,王绪龙,向宝力,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区油气成藏分析[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):15-18.LIAO Jiande,WANG Xulong,XIANG Baoli,et al.Oil and gas ori⁃ gin and reservoiring analyses of Mosuowan region in Zhunge’er basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(9):15-18.
参考文献 41
周文泉,崔保生,张从侦.盆1井西凹陷东环带油气富集规律 [J].特种油气藏,2005,12(5):19-22.ZHOU Wenquan,CUI Baosheng,ZHANG Congzhen.Regularity of oil and gas accumulation in the east ring zone of Pen1 well west sag[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2005,12(5):19-22.
目录contents

    摘要

    近年来,针对准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷及周缘侏罗系三工河组的勘探一直没有获得重大突破,原因在于对有利储层分布规律的认识薄弱,制约了该区的勘探进程。综合岩心、测井和地震等资料,恢复研究区三工河组二段沉积前古地貌,系统分析深水沉积的地质特征,并总结古地貌对沉积体系的控制作用。结果表明:盆1井西凹陷中心区域侏罗系三工河组发育厚层块状砂岩,储层内部存在呈漂浮状的泥砾和泥质撕裂屑,多见顶/底突变接触,为典型的深水砂质碎屑流沉积;三工河组二段沉积前盆 1井西凹陷及周缘发育水下低隆起、水下沟谷、斜坡和深水凹陷 4 类古地貌单元。斜坡区存在两级坡折带,对沉积体系的控制作用明显;两级坡折带将研究区分为浅水三角洲前缘、前三角洲和浅湖-半深湖 3个相带,砂质碎屑流发育于 M17—QS1井向西的浅湖-半深湖沉积相带。钻井已证实砂质碎屑流型储层的物性较好,在油气源、匹配条件良好的情况下,能够形成较大规模的油气藏,是盆1井西凹陷“下凹”勘探前景最好的领域。

    Abstract

    In recent years,there has been no significant breakthrough in the exploration of Sangonghe Formation in the west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin. The analysis shows that the insufficient understanding of the favor- able reservoir distribution rules restricts the exploration process in this area. Based on the previous research work and the core,logging and seismic data,the palaeogeomorphology before sedimentation of Sangonghe Formation is restored. Then, the geological characteristics of deep-water sediments are systematically analyzed,and the control of paleogeomorphology on the sedimentary system is summarized. The results show that the typical deep-water sandy debris flow deposit is devel- oped in Sangonghe Formation of the central area in the west sag of Well Pen-1,there are thick-massive sandstones with floating mud-gravel and argillaceous tear debris in the reservoir,and the top/bottom abrupt contacts are common. Four sedi- mentary units,such as underwater low uplift,underwater gully,slope and deep-water sag are developed before sedimenta- tion of Sangonghe Formation. Two-stage slope break zones in the slope area,which obviously controls the sedimentary sys- tem. There are two-stage slope break zones in the slope area,which obviously control the sedimentary system and by which the research area is divided into shallow-water delta front,prodelta,and shallow lake-semi-deep lake facies. The sandy de- bris flow is developed in the shallow lake-semi-deep lake sedimentary zone in the west of M17-QS1. The exploration prac-tice has proved that the sandy debris flow reservoirs have good physical properties,a relatively large oil and gas reservoir can be formed in the case of good oil and gas source and matching conditions,which is the best field for exploration pros- pect of“lower sag”in the west sag of Well Pen-1.

  • 盆1井西凹陷是准噶尔盆地主要的富烃凹陷之一,围绕该凹陷烃源灶已发现莫索湾、莫北和陆西等多个富油气区带。侏罗系三工河组是盆1井西凹陷及周缘一个重要的含油层系,关于其沉积体系[1-4]、储层特征[5-7]、油气源[8-10]和成藏体系[11-14]等的研究成果较多,主要是针对正向构造单元凸起区构造类油气藏开展的;而对三工河组沉积前古地貌特征、坡折带控砂,尤其是盆1井西凹陷内的碎屑流沉积分析较少,严重制约了从盆地正向凸起构造走向凹陷斜坡区、凹陷区岩性油气藏勘探的进程。前期针对盆 1 井西凹陷东北环带斜坡区部署的 M12, M17和QS1等井,获得一定的突破,证实三工河组发育辫状河三角洲前缘优势相带,凹陷区深部发育深水砂质碎屑流沉积,但对其分布规律认识薄弱。

  • 近年来,深水沉积成为石油工业界勘探与研究较多的领域之一[15]。深水砂质碎屑流概念的提出与完善[16-19] 将前期深水重力流沉积的理论认识进一步发展,对中国油气勘探意义深远。渤海湾、四川、鄂尔多斯等盆地湖盆中心坡折带附近均发现存在规模性砂质碎屑流沉积,鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系深水含油砂岩的发现[1520] 极大地扩展了深水区域的勘探领域。有关坡折带及其对沉积、层序的控制作用,特别是对鄂尔多斯、四川盆地深水坡折带砂质碎屑流的系统研究成果丰硕[21-26]。因此,笔者拟引用坡折带控砂的研究思路,着重分析盆 1 井西凹陷及周缘三工河组沉积前古地貌特征,刻画坡折带展布,同时分析其对砂体的控制作用以及对未来油气勘探拓展的意义。该研究是对准噶尔盆地继玛湖凹陷湖盆沉积系统研究获得重大突破[27-30] 以后的又一次尝试,对准噶尔盆地“下凹”岩性油气藏的勘探具有非常重要的意义。

  • 1 区域地质概况

  • 准噶尔盆地是在前寒武系结晶基底和古生界浅变质基底之上经过多期构造运动形成的复合叠加盆地。盆缘为古生代褶皱山系,整个盆地被中新生界沉积物所覆盖。多期的构造运动叠加,形成现今隆凹相间的构造格局。盆地主要发育5个大的富烃凹陷,其中,玛湖凹陷已落实多个亿吨级储量区块[31]。盆 1 井西凹陷为一继承性沉积沉降中心(图1),主要发育东北、西北和西南三大沉积体系[32],在三个主要沉积体系之间存在深水区。研究区侏罗系自下而上发育八道湾组、三工河组、西山窑组和头屯河组,缺失齐古组和喀拉扎组,为一套水体稳定的滨浅湖-半深湖沉积[33]。其中,三工河组为一套湖侵背景下的三角洲前缘砂泥岩建造[2],自下而上分为三段:一段为灰色、深灰色泥岩夹泥质粉砂岩,主要为浅湖相和三角洲前缘河口砂坝与水下分流河道沉积;二段以灰色、浅灰色砂岩为主,其间夹少量泥岩、砂质泥岩,部分含细砾沉积,主要为三角洲前缘水下分流河道沉积,是该区最主要的一套含油气层系;三段为一套湖泛时期沉积的半深湖相灰色泥岩,夹少量细粒砂质成分。

  • 图1 准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷构造划分

  • Fig.1 Structure map of west sag of Well Pen-1 in Junggar Basin

  • 2 古地貌特征

  • 古坡折带的识别多借助于古地貌分析。常用的古地貌分析方法很多,但各有优缺点,往往采用多方法综合分析。依据各方法适用性与实际资料的结合情况,采用残余厚度法与地震层拉平法综合恢复研究区古地貌。盆1井西凹陷在三工河组沉积时期古水深不超过 50 m[34],无剥蚀地貌,地层厚度的变化基本可以反映沉积前古地貌形态,即地层厚度越大,古地形越低,地层厚度越小,古地形越高。三工河组沉积末期存在一期湖侵事件,即三工河组三段顶部可视为古沉积湖平面,将地震剖面按该段顶拉平,拉平后的地震剖面显示的三工河组底面形态即为沉积前相对古地貌形态。通过线-面古地貌形态的相互验证,最终恢复研究区三工河组二段沉积前古地貌(图2)。

  • 图2 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段沉积前古地貌

  • Fig.2 Palaeogeomorphology before sedimentation of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 古地貌分析结果表明,三工河组沉积时期,盆1 井西凹陷可识别出深水凹陷、斜坡、水下低隆起和水下沟谷 4 种地貌形态。其中,QS1 井至达巴松地区为主要凹陷区,围绕凹陷形成环带状水下低隆起-沟谷相间的地貌形态,隆起与凹陷之间为坡度相对较大的斜坡。斜坡区可识别出两级坡折带,一级为低隆起-沟谷与斜坡之间的坡折带,二级为斜坡向凹陷过渡的坡折带。两级坡折带呈环带状分布,坡折带附近地层厚度变化较大,是沉积前古地形加之后期沉积速率差异造成的。从地震剖面(图3)上可见,坡折带下部地层明显增厚,具有上超、前积等现象。坡折带的存在改变了地形坡度,为高部位沉积物向低部位沉积提供了动力,因此,在坡折带斜坡部位沉积物易卸载,在坡下平台区沉积。整体上,研究区一级坡折带控制着三角洲前缘砂体的沉积,二级坡折带控制着深水重力流砂体的沉积。

  • 3 坡折带对砂质碎屑流沉积的控制作用

  • 3.1 古地貌对沉积体系的控制

  • 盆1井西凹陷在三工河组沉积时期主要存在西北部及东部两大物源,在盆地缓坡浅水背景下形成远源辫状河三角洲前缘细粒沉积体系。结合前人对该区沉积相展布的研究,与古地貌形态叠合分析发现,三工河组沉积前古地貌对辫状河三角洲的控制较为明显,水下低隆起、沟谷及斜坡等古地貌单元限制了携带沉积物的水流流向及沉积物的卸载部位。

  • 图3 盆1井西凹陷及周缘两级坡折带在地震剖面上的反映(剖面位置见图1)

  • Fig.3 Seismic profile showing features of two-stage slope break zone in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin(see Fig.1 for profile position)

  • 盆1井西凹陷的继承性沉积沉降中心构成良好的辫状河三角洲源-汇系统。盆 1 井西凹陷在侏罗纪受到车-莫古隆起的影响,形成低洼地势区,奠定了其在三工河组沉积时期作为重要沉积沉降中心的区域地质背景[35-37]。从盆1井西凹陷及周缘整体处于滨浅湖-半深湖背景推知此时期古地形坡度相对较缓。来自于西北方向的扎伊尔山和哈拉阿拉特山以及东部的克拉美丽山的多方物源供应非常充足,虽然物源区较远,但在湖盆水体浅、河流水动力强的条件下,依然能够将沉积物经过远距离搬运至湖盆中心。这一类“盆大、水浅、远源、物源足”沉积模式形成的三角洲沉积在侏罗系八道湾组、西山窑组、头屯河组以及白垩系清水河组[38] 均可见到。

  • 水下次级古地貌控制着水体流向及砂体卸载部位。前人研究认为,研究区三工河组主要发育辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道、分流间湾、河口坝、远砂坝、前三角洲泥以及湖底扇微相[39]。结合古地貌形态分析,水下低隆起为相对地势高的地貌单元,它的存在限定了分流主水道的流向,而且沉积可容纳空间有限,往往形成分流间湾以及滨浅湖的泥质沉积;水下沟谷与低隆起间互出现,与低隆起相比,沟谷地势低,可容纳空间大,是水下分流河道的主要通道,水流携带的大量砂体往往会在该地貌单元卸载沉积。盆 1 井西凹陷距离物源区较远,向凹陷中部湖盆水体变深,坡折带之间的斜坡则为深水重力流的沉积提供了条件。钻井结果显示,坡折带之间也是远砂坝或河口坝发育的有利部位。二级坡折带至湖盆中心,整体地势变得宽缓,QS1 和 QT1井等在三工河组钻遇的砂体为湖底扇沉积的产物[39],通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定和粒度分析综合识别,认为其符合砂质碎屑流沉积特征。

  • 3.2 坡折带对砂质碎屑流沉积的影响

  • 岩心观察发现,研究区三工河组二段储层特征包括:①岩性以粗砂岩、中-细砂岩和含砾砂岩为主,QS1 井为长石岩屑砂岩,其中,石英含量为 43.25%,长石含量为 17.25%,岩屑含量为 39.5%;② 与下伏岩石接触面平整,不具有冲刷构造,与上覆岩石岩性变化大,多见突变接触(图4a,4b);③砂岩内部存在不规则泥质砾屑,呈定向悬浮状(图4c— 4g);④QS1,D4 和 D7 等井钻遇该套储层厚度为 2~10 m,单砂体厚度较大,多以厚层块状构造为主(图4a—4c,4e—4g),反映牵引流特征的交错层理等沉积构造不发育;⑤沉积韵律复杂,非单一正韵律或者反韵律;⑥粒度分析资料显示,C-M 图上表现为平行于C-M基线的平行线,反映出重力流沉积的特征(图5a),但粒度累积概率曲线为两段式(图5b),以跳跃总体为主,占 60%~80%,悬浮总体占 20%~40%,表明其具有牵引流的特征。

  • 图4 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段砂质碎屑流储层特征

  • Fig.4 Reservoir characteristics of sandy debris flow of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 图5 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段C-M图及粒度累积概率曲线

  • Fig.5 C-M and grain-size curve of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 据高红灿等对碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究结果[34],推断研究区三工河组二段为砂质碎屑流沉积,具体特征包括:厚层块状的复杂韵律结构,与顶、底的突变接触,无明显冲刷现象;岩性粒度较粗,存在泥质漂砾,并呈定向排列;既具有重力流特征,又具有层状牵引流特征,与碎屑流的流变特征一致。部分界面上的粗砾呈定向层状分布,与冲刷面的特征不同,为重力作用下水流携带的粗碎屑沉积形成的产物。

  • 对研究区三工河组二段的均方根振幅属性进行提取,可识别出 3 个相带:①莫北-莫索湾凸起一带的浅水三角洲前缘砂体沉积;②沿 M14—M16— MB13—QT1—DT1 井一线的前三角洲沉积,对应于古地貌斜坡区,也发育 M002—MB18 井一带的远砂坝沉积;③M17—QS1 井向西的浅湖-半深湖沉积,发育砂质碎屑流沉积(图6)。这 3个相带被两级坡折带分开,在物源供给充足的条件下,一级坡折带将三角洲前缘亚相分割为 2 部分,斜坡区在前三角洲泥沉积之上接受水下分流河道的砂质供应,形成远砂坝、河口坝等沉积,沉积物整体粒度较小,以细砂岩、粉-细砂岩为主,发育植物碎屑,纵向上与下部前三角洲泥呈反韵律;一级坡折带附近前缘亚相的砂坝或者水下分流河道砂体沉积不稳定,在外界的阵发性触发机制或者自身重力大于黏滞力的情况下,会发生重力滑动。这些滑塌沉积物在河流水动力相对弱的时候,常在斜坡坡脚处形成浊流沉积,常见泥岩包卷层理和冲刷构造等(M16井)。但在河流水动力强度大,携带沉积物足的情况下,滑塌体形成的破碎沉积物会被水体牵引以层状流动,在二级坡折带之下形成大面积舌状碎屑流沉积体 (图7)。从 QS1 和 D4 等井的岩心观察中发现浊积岩与砂质碎屑流往往呈互层状叠置沉积。

  • 图6 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段均方根振幅属性平面分布

  • Fig.6 RMS amplitude attribute plan of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 位于一级坡折带之上的 MB2 井三工河组二段岩性主要为灰色细砂岩、粗砂岩和砂砾岩,交错层理发育,为水下分流河道沉积,平均孔隙度为 14.7%,平均渗透率为 7.9 mD,在该储层 7.94 mm 油嘴试油,获日产油量为 41.9 t/d,日产气量为 14.3× 104 m3 /d,是较好的储层。位于一级坡折带之下斜坡区的 M16 和 M002 等井三工河组二段以泥质粉砂岩、粉-细砂岩为主,沉积相带以水下分流河道远端的席状砂、远砂坝等为主,M002井实测平均孔隙度为7.5%,最大值为11.4%,平均渗透率为0.06 mD,最大值为 0.55 mD。整体储层沉积物较细,物性较差。在二级坡折带之下的 QS1 和 D4 等井则以砂质碎屑流沉积为主,岩性主要为灰色中砂岩和含砾砂岩, QS1 井实测平均孔隙度为 14.0%,平均渗透率为 6.0 mD,岩性和物性较斜坡区有明显的改善,与一级坡折带之上的三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体相当。

  • 图7 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段坡折带对砂体的控制作用模式

  • Fig.7 Model of control of two-stage slope break zone on sand body of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 从地震反射特征来看,一级坡折带之上以中-强振幅、近平行、连续性反射特征为主,反映水下分流河道的水体动力强;斜坡区则以中-弱振幅为主,连续性明显减弱,同相轴之间韵律性很难识别,反映河流水动力的影响减弱;二级坡折带之下以前积反射特征为主,地震反射主要为中-强振幅,连续性较斜坡区有一定的改善,与下伏地层呈一定角度的斜交,其上部地层连续性好,反映为与坡折带有关的深水重力流沉积(图3)。

  • 通过对盆 1 井西凹陷及周缘的古地貌恢复,单井、联井相结合地震剖面反射特征、属性平面分布,初步刻画出二级坡折带控制下的砂质碎屑流的分布范围。受控于古地貌形态以及坡折带特征,平面上砂质碎屑流呈不规则舌状展布(图8)。

  • 4 砂质碎屑流沉积的油气地质意义

  • 砂质碎屑流能够形成厚层块状砂岩、含砾砂岩等物性较好的储层,在油气源、匹配条件良好的情况下,能够形成较大规模的油气藏,是准噶尔盆地盆 1 井西凹陷及周缘三工河组新型油气勘探砂体。研究区三工河组砂质碎屑流砂体以灰色细-中粒长石岩屑砂岩为主,颗粒接触方式主要为线接触,胶结类型以压嵌型为主。砂岩中碎屑颗粒磨圆主要为次圆状,分选中等。砂岩的成分成熟度较低,结构成熟度较高。砂岩孔隙类型以原生粒间孔为主,其次为剩余粒间孔,少量粒内溶孔(图4h,4i)。根据 166 个岩心样品统计,砂岩孔隙度为 5.5%~18.9%,平均为 12.4%;渗透率为 0.014~1 130 mD,平均为 3.5 mD(图9)。储层面孔率为 3%~12%,孔喉变异系数为 0.216,均质系数为 0.186,排驱压力、饱和度中值压力分别为 0.526,4.81 MPa,最大孔喉半径为 6.7 µm,最大进汞饱和度为69.9%,属于中-低孔、中等-低渗透、孔隙结构中等-较好的储层。

  • 图8 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组二段沉积相平面展布

  • Fig.8 Sedimentary facies plan of second member of Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 对盆1井西凹陷钻井揭示砂质碎屑流储层并且成藏的QS1和M17等井进行解剖,建立其成藏模式,确定研究区砂质碎屑流成藏具有 4 个有利条件:① 盆1井西凹陷油气主要来源于凹陷内中下二叠统烃源岩,以乌尔禾组暗色泥岩为主[40]。乌尔禾组烃源岩母质类型以Ⅱ型干酪根为主,有机质丰度高,生烃潜力大,目前处于成熟-高成熟阶段,是一套优质烃源岩。坡折带之下的砂质碎屑流位于沉积凹陷部位,整体位于盆1井西凹陷生烃中心或周缘,油气源充足;②研究区存在海西期直通烃源岩的通源断裂,同时在三叠系以上地层中又存在与通源断裂呈 “y”字型接力的高角度输导断裂,纵向上构成高效输导体系[41];③三工河组三段湖侵泥岩是优质的区域性盖层,侧向斜坡区存在泥质含量高、物性相对较差的前缘细粒沉积,可形成良好的封堵条件;④断裂与砂体的对接能够形成较好的岩性、构造-岩性复合圈闭,各成藏要素匹配关系较好。

  • 图9 盆1井西凹陷及周缘三工河组砂质碎屑流储层物性分布直方图

  • Fig.9 Distribution histograms of physical properties of sandy debris flow reservoir in Sangonghe Formation in west sag of Well Pen-1 and its periphery in Junggar Basin

  • 在三角洲前缘有利相带岩性勘探难度逐年增大的背景下,盆 1 井西凹陷侏罗系三工河组砂质碎屑流型砂体的发现整体拓展了缓坡湖盆的勘探领域。在盆1井西凹陷及周缘初步识别砂质碎屑流型储层有利区面积近500 km2,择优在凹陷东北环带部署了 QS2井,该井在三工河组二段钻遇砂质碎屑流砂体,在该储层段试油获高产工业油气流,日产油量为 39.3 m3 /d,日产气量为 20.359×104 m3 /d。证实坡折带之下的砂质碎屑流将是盆1井西凹陷斜坡区岩性勘探的有利领域,这一领域的突破也将带动盆地其他富烃洼陷区岩性领域的勘探。

  • 5 结论

  • 盆1井西凹陷及周缘在三工河组沉积时期发育水下低隆起、水下沟谷、斜坡、深水凹陷 4 类古地貌单元,存在两级坡折带。古地貌对辫状河三角洲前缘亚相及深水沉积具有明显的控制作用。盆1井西凹陷二级坡折带之下发育砂质碎屑流沉积。有别于深水浊流沉积,在充足的物源供应、较强的水动力条件下,受坡折带的控制,在深水区形成层流性质的砂质碎屑流。砂质碎屑流以厚层块状、含泥砾细砂岩为主,纵向上韵律性复杂,但整体物性较好,能够形成规模性油气富集。砂质碎屑流的存在开拓了富烃凹陷新的勘探目标,有利的成藏条件奠定了形成规模性岩性、构造-岩性油气藏的背景,将是准噶尔盆地“下凹”岩性勘探新的潜力领域。

  • 参考文献

    • [1] 朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):244-251.ZHU Xiaomin,ZHANG Yina,YANG Junsheng,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(2):244-251.

    • [2] 李双文,刘洛夫,张有平,等.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积演化及微相构成[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):819-828.LI Shuangwen,LIU Luofu,ZHANG Youping,et al.Sedimentary evolution and microfacies architecture of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(6):819-828.

    • [3] 邱子刚,戴雄军,施小荣.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积相[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(5):183-186.QIU Zigang,DAI Xiongjun,SHI Xiaorong.Sedimentary facies of Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(5):183-186.

    • [4] 张宝露,李维锋,袁晓光.莫北凸起勘探新区——M116井区三工河组二段沉积相与有利砂体预测[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):42-48.ZHANG Baolu,LI Weifeng,YUAN Xiaoguang.Sedimentary facies and prediction of favorable sandstones of the Member 2 of San⁃ gonghe formation in M116 wellblock-New exploration area of Mo⁃ bei Arch[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):42-48.

    • [5] 孙靖,吴爱成,王然,等.准噶尔盆地中央坳陷莫索湾地区侏罗系三工河组深层致密砂岩气储集层特征及成因[J].古地理学报,2017,19(5):907-918.SUN Jing,WU Aicheng,WANG Ran,et al.Characteristics and or⁃igin of deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Jurassic Sangong⁃ he formation,Mosuowan area,Central Depression,Junggar Basin [J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(5):907-918.

    • [6] 张冬玲,鲍志东,王建伟,等.准噶尔盆地中部下侏罗统三工河组二段沉积相及储层特征[J].古地理学报,2005,7(2):185-196.ZHANG Dongling,BAO Zhidong,WANG Jianwei,et al.Sedimen⁃ tary facies and reservoir characters of the Member2 of Sangonghe Formation of Lower Jurassic in Central Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(2):185-196.

    • [7] 操应长,杜亮慧,王艳忠,等.准噶尔盆地中部Ⅰ区块三工河组储层沉积成岩综合相及其测井识别[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.CAO Yingchang,DU Lianghui,WANG Yanzhong,et al.Reservoir sedimentary-diagenetic synthetic facies and its logging identifica⁃ tion of Sangonghe Formation in Block1 of Central Junggar Basin [J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.

    • [8] 高小康,胡文瑄,曹剑,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾-莫北地区油气运移方向和成藏体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(2):250-256.GAO Xiaokang,HU Wenxuan,CAO Jian,et al.Study of hydrocar⁃ bon migration and accumulation in the Mosuowan-Mobei area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(2):250-256.

    • [9] 薄冬梅,姜林,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区原油运移研究 [J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(4):18-23.BO Dongmei,JIANG Lin,QU Jiangxiu.Study on oil migration in Mosuowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2007,31(4):18-23.

    • [10] 周勇水,邱楠生,宋鑫颖,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压地层烃源岩热演化史研究[J].地质科学,2014,49(3):812-822.ZHOU Yongshui,QIU Nansheng,SONG Xinying,et al.Study of source rock thermal evolution in overpressure formations in the hinterland of Junggar Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2014,49(3):812-822.

    • [11] 张年富.准噶尔盆地腹部莫索湾地区油气成藏条件与成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):17-20.ZHANG Nianfu.Fluid compartment and hydrocarbon accumula⁃ tion in Mosuowan area in central part of Junggar basin[J].Petro⁃ leum Exploration and Development,2000,27(3):17-20.

    • [12] 姜林,宋岩,查明,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区超压与油气成藏 [J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(6):24-28.JIANG Lin,SONG Yan,ZHA Ming,et al.Study on relationship be⁃ tween overpressure and hydrocarbon on accumulation in Mo⁃ suowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum In⁃ stitute,2008,32(6):24-28.

    • [13] 赵孟军,宋岩,柳少波,等.准噶尔盆地天然气成藏体系和成藏过程分析[J].地质评论,2009,55(2):215-224.ZHAO Mengjun,SONG Yan,LIU Shaobo,et al.Accumulation sys⁃ tems and filling process of natural gas in Junggar Basin[J].Geo⁃ logical Review,2009,55(2):215-224.

    • [14] 张义杰,柳广弟.准噶尔盆地复合油气系统特征、演化与油气勘探方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):36-39.ZHANG Yijie,LIU Guangdi.Characteristics and evolution of com⁃ posite petroleum systems and the exploration strategy in Junggar basin,northwest China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop⁃ ment,2002,29(1):36-39.

    • [15] 邹才能,赵政璋,杨华,等.陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.ZOU Caineng,ZHAO Zhengzhang,YANG Hua,et al.Genetic mechanism and distribution of sandy debris flows in terrestrial la⁃ custrine basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.

    • [16] HAMPTON M A.Competence of fine-grained debris flows[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1975,45:834-844.

    • [17] SHANMUGAM G.Perception vs reality in deep-water exploration [J].World Oil,1996,217:37-41.

    • [18] SHANMUGAM G.High-density turbidity currents:Are they sandy debris flows?[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1996,66(1):2-10.

    • [19] SHANMUGAM G.50 years of the turbidite paradigm(1950-1990s):deep-water processes and facies models-a critical per⁃ spective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.

    • [20] 杨仁超,何治亮,邱桂强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世重力流沉积体系[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):661-670.YANG Renchao,HE Zhiliang,QIU Guiqiang,et al.Late Triassic gravity flow depositional systems in the southern Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):661-670.

    • [21] 万力,李胜利,于兴河,等.坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状河三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(1):23-31,117.WAN Li,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,et al.Effect of slope-breaks on the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentation of lacustrine delta:A case of Sangonghe formation in the eastern Junggar basin[J].Jour⁃ nal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(1):23-31,117.

    • [22] 王观宏,黄传炎,刘恩涛,等.福山凹陷南部缓坡流沙港组坡折带特征及对沉积、油气成藏的控制[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.WANG Guanhong,HUANG Chuanyan,LIU Entao,et al.Charac⁃ teristics of slope-breaks and its control on sedimentation and hy⁃ drocarbon accumulation of Liushagang Formation in gentle slope of south Fushan sag[J].Journal of Central South University:Sci⁃ ence and Technology,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.

    • [23] 李相博,刘化清,陈启林,等.大型坳陷湖盆沉积坡折带特征及其对砂体与油气的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(4):717-729.LI Xiangbo,LIU Huaqing,CHEN Qilin,et al.Characteristics of slope break belt in large depression lacustrine basin and its con⁃ trolling effect on sandbody and petroleum:Taking the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin as an example[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(4):717-729.

    • [24] 李楠,李国辉,吴长江,等.坡折带控制下的砂质碎屑流对油气勘探的意义——以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例[J].四川地质学报,2014,34(4):505-509.LI Nan,LI Guohui,WU Changjiang,et al.The application of san⁃dy debris flow under the control of slope break to oil-gas explora⁃ tion[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2014,34(4):505-509.

    • [25] 陈丽祥,李慧勇,代黎明,等.埕北低凸起围区古沟谷与古坡折带特征及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2016,13(5):15-19.CHEN Lixiang,LI Huiyong,DAI Liming,et al.Characteristics of ancient valleys and ancient slope break in the fenced area of Chengbei Low Uplift and its control over the depositional system [J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2016,13(5):15-19.

    • [26] 刘豪,王英民.准噶尔盆地坳陷湖盆坡折带在非构造圈闭勘探中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(4):422-427.LIU Hao,WANG Yingmin.Significance of slope break zones in downwarped lake basins to exploration of non-structural traps in Junggar basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(4):422-427.

    • [27] 任本兵,瞿建华,王泽胜,等.玛湖凹陷三叠纪古地貌对沉积的分级控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(5):81-89.REN Benbing,QU Jianhua,WANG Zesheng,et al.Hierarchical control function of the paleogeomorphology in Triassic period to sedimentary in Mahu sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni⁃ versity:Science and Technology Edition,2016,38(5):81-89.

    • [28] 匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.KUANG Lichun,TANG Yong,LEI Dewen,et al.Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baik⁃ ouquan formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Junggar ba⁃ sin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(6):14-23.

    • [29] 唐勇,徐洋,瞿建华,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲群特征及分布[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):628-635.TANG Yong,XU Yang,QU Jianhua,et al.Fan-delta group char⁃ acteristics and its distribution of the Triassic Baikouquan reser⁃ voirs in Mahu sag of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geolo⁃ gy,2014,35(6):628-635.

    • [30] 雷德文,瞿建华,安志渊,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组低渗砂砾岩油气藏成藏条件及富集规律[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):642-647.LEI Dewen,QU Jianhua,AN Zhiyuan,et al.Hydrocarbon accumu⁃ lation conditions and enrichment regularity of low-permeability glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):642-647.

    • [31] 支东明,唐勇,郑孟林,等.玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区形成分布与勘探实践[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(1):1-8,22.ZHI Dongming,TANG Yong,ZHENG Menglin,et al.Discovery,distribution and exploration practice of large oil provinces of above-source conglomerate in Mahu sag[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(1):1-8,22.

    • [32] 张曰静.准噶尔盆地腹部下侏罗统三工河组物源体系分析[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(5):540-542.ZHANG Yuejing.Provenance analysis of Jurassic Sangonghe for⁃ mation in hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Ge⁃ ology,2012,33(5):540-542.

    • [33] 彭勇民,宋传春,欧方军,等.准噶尔盆地腹部地区侏罗系沉积体系展布[J].新疆地质,2008,26(3):265-269.PENG Yongmin,SONG Chuanchun,OU Fangjun,et al.Distrub⁃ tions of Jurassic depositional systems in the inland region of Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2008,26(3):265-269.

    • [34] 高红灿,郑荣才,魏钦廉,等.碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(8):815-827.GAO Hongcan,ZHENG Rongcai,WEI Qinlian,et al.Reviews on fluid properties and sedimentary characteristics of debris flows and turbidity currents[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2012,27(8):815-827.

    • [35] 陈亮,甘华军,祝春荣,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷沉降史研究 [J].新疆石油学院学报,2002,14(4):12-17.CHEN Liang,GAN Huajun,ZHU Chunrong,et al.Study on sub⁃ sidence history of Weixinan depression in Beibuwan basin[J].Journal of Xinjiang Petroleum Institute,2002,14(4):12-17.

    • [36] 纪友亮,周勇,况军,等.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起形成演化及对沉积相的控制作用[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.JI Youliang,ZHOU Yong,KUANG Jun,et al.The formation and evolution of Chepaizi-Mosuowan paleo-uplift and its control on the distributions of sedimentary facies in the Junggar basin[J].Science China:Earth Science,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.

    • [37] 李晓君.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起的发育演化特征及其对沉积的控制作用[J].油气地球物理,2013,11(1):65-67.LI Xiaojun.Features of the development and evolution of the Chemo palaeohigh of Zhunger Basin and its control on the sedi⁃ mentation[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2013,11(1):65-67.

    • [38] 厚刚福,瞿建华,朱峰,等.古地貌对沉积体系和沉积微相的控制作用分析——以准噶尔盆地腹部白垩系清水河组为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.HOU Gangfu,QU Jianhua,ZHU Feng,et al.Controlling effect of paleogeomorphology on sedimentary system and sedimentary mi⁃ crofacies:A case study of Cretaceous Qingshuihe formation in the hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Journal of China University of Min⁃ ing & Technology,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.

    • [39] 陈晓轩.盆1井西凹陷东北环带侏罗系三工河组成藏主控因素研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2016.CHEN Xiaoxuan.Study on the main controlling factors of hydro⁃ carbon accumulation of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in the north-east belt around depression to the west of well Pen-1[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2016.

    • [40] 廖健德,王绪龙,向宝力,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区油气成藏分析[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):15-18.LIAO Jiande,WANG Xulong,XIANG Baoli,et al.Oil and gas ori⁃ gin and reservoiring analyses of Mosuowan region in Zhunge’er basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(9):15-18.

    • [41] 周文泉,崔保生,张从侦.盆1井西凹陷东环带油气富集规律 [J].特种油气藏,2005,12(5):19-22.ZHOU Wenquan,CUI Baosheng,ZHANG Congzhen.Regularity of oil and gas accumulation in the east ring zone of Pen1 well west sag[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2005,12(5):19-22.

  • 参考文献

    • [1] 朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):244-251.ZHU Xiaomin,ZHANG Yina,YANG Junsheng,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(2):244-251.

    • [2] 李双文,刘洛夫,张有平,等.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积演化及微相构成[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):819-828.LI Shuangwen,LIU Luofu,ZHANG Youping,et al.Sedimentary evolution and microfacies architecture of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(6):819-828.

    • [3] 邱子刚,戴雄军,施小荣.准噶尔盆地莫北凸起侏罗系三工河组沉积相[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(5):183-186.QIU Zigang,DAI Xiongjun,SHI Xiaorong.Sedimentary facies of Sangonghe formation in Mobei Arch,Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(5):183-186.

    • [4] 张宝露,李维锋,袁晓光.莫北凸起勘探新区——M116井区三工河组二段沉积相与有利砂体预测[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):42-48.ZHANG Baolu,LI Weifeng,YUAN Xiaoguang.Sedimentary facies and prediction of favorable sandstones of the Member 2 of San⁃ gonghe formation in M116 wellblock-New exploration area of Mo⁃ bei Arch[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):42-48.

    • [5] 孙靖,吴爱成,王然,等.准噶尔盆地中央坳陷莫索湾地区侏罗系三工河组深层致密砂岩气储集层特征及成因[J].古地理学报,2017,19(5):907-918.SUN Jing,WU Aicheng,WANG Ran,et al.Characteristics and or⁃igin of deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Jurassic Sangong⁃ he formation,Mosuowan area,Central Depression,Junggar Basin [J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(5):907-918.

    • [6] 张冬玲,鲍志东,王建伟,等.准噶尔盆地中部下侏罗统三工河组二段沉积相及储层特征[J].古地理学报,2005,7(2):185-196.ZHANG Dongling,BAO Zhidong,WANG Jianwei,et al.Sedimen⁃ tary facies and reservoir characters of the Member2 of Sangonghe Formation of Lower Jurassic in Central Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(2):185-196.

    • [7] 操应长,杜亮慧,王艳忠,等.准噶尔盆地中部Ⅰ区块三工河组储层沉积成岩综合相及其测井识别[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.CAO Yingchang,DU Lianghui,WANG Yanzhong,et al.Reservoir sedimentary-diagenetic synthetic facies and its logging identifica⁃ tion of Sangonghe Formation in Block1 of Central Junggar Basin [J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1 016-1 027.

    • [8] 高小康,胡文瑄,曹剑,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾-莫北地区油气运移方向和成藏体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(2):250-256.GAO Xiaokang,HU Wenxuan,CAO Jian,et al.Study of hydrocar⁃ bon migration and accumulation in the Mosuowan-Mobei area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(2):250-256.

    • [9] 薄冬梅,姜林,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区原油运移研究 [J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(4):18-23.BO Dongmei,JIANG Lin,QU Jiangxiu.Study on oil migration in Mosuowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2007,31(4):18-23.

    • [10] 周勇水,邱楠生,宋鑫颖,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压地层烃源岩热演化史研究[J].地质科学,2014,49(3):812-822.ZHOU Yongshui,QIU Nansheng,SONG Xinying,et al.Study of source rock thermal evolution in overpressure formations in the hinterland of Junggar Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2014,49(3):812-822.

    • [11] 张年富.准噶尔盆地腹部莫索湾地区油气成藏条件与成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):17-20.ZHANG Nianfu.Fluid compartment and hydrocarbon accumula⁃ tion in Mosuowan area in central part of Junggar basin[J].Petro⁃ leum Exploration and Development,2000,27(3):17-20.

    • [12] 姜林,宋岩,查明,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区超压与油气成藏 [J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(6):24-28.JIANG Lin,SONG Yan,ZHA Ming,et al.Study on relationship be⁃ tween overpressure and hydrocarbon on accumulation in Mo⁃ suowan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum In⁃ stitute,2008,32(6):24-28.

    • [13] 赵孟军,宋岩,柳少波,等.准噶尔盆地天然气成藏体系和成藏过程分析[J].地质评论,2009,55(2):215-224.ZHAO Mengjun,SONG Yan,LIU Shaobo,et al.Accumulation sys⁃ tems and filling process of natural gas in Junggar Basin[J].Geo⁃ logical Review,2009,55(2):215-224.

    • [14] 张义杰,柳广弟.准噶尔盆地复合油气系统特征、演化与油气勘探方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):36-39.ZHANG Yijie,LIU Guangdi.Characteristics and evolution of com⁃ posite petroleum systems and the exploration strategy in Junggar basin,northwest China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop⁃ ment,2002,29(1):36-39.

    • [15] 邹才能,赵政璋,杨华,等.陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.ZOU Caineng,ZHAO Zhengzhang,YANG Hua,et al.Genetic mechanism and distribution of sandy debris flows in terrestrial la⁃ custrine basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(6):1 065-1 075.

    • [16] HAMPTON M A.Competence of fine-grained debris flows[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1975,45:834-844.

    • [17] SHANMUGAM G.Perception vs reality in deep-water exploration [J].World Oil,1996,217:37-41.

    • [18] SHANMUGAM G.High-density turbidity currents:Are they sandy debris flows?[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1996,66(1):2-10.

    • [19] SHANMUGAM G.50 years of the turbidite paradigm(1950-1990s):deep-water processes and facies models-a critical per⁃ spective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.

    • [20] 杨仁超,何治亮,邱桂强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世重力流沉积体系[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):661-670.YANG Renchao,HE Zhiliang,QIU Guiqiang,et al.Late Triassic gravity flow depositional systems in the southern Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):661-670.

    • [21] 万力,李胜利,于兴河,等.坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状河三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(1):23-31,117.WAN Li,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,et al.Effect of slope-breaks on the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentation of lacustrine delta:A case of Sangonghe formation in the eastern Junggar basin[J].Jour⁃ nal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(1):23-31,117.

    • [22] 王观宏,黄传炎,刘恩涛,等.福山凹陷南部缓坡流沙港组坡折带特征及对沉积、油气成藏的控制[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.WANG Guanhong,HUANG Chuanyan,LIU Entao,et al.Charac⁃ teristics of slope-breaks and its control on sedimentation and hy⁃ drocarbon accumulation of Liushagang Formation in gentle slope of south Fushan sag[J].Journal of Central South University:Sci⁃ ence and Technology,2014,45(5):1 531-1 541.

    • [23] 李相博,刘化清,陈启林,等.大型坳陷湖盆沉积坡折带特征及其对砂体与油气的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(4):717-729.LI Xiangbo,LIU Huaqing,CHEN Qilin,et al.Characteristics of slope break belt in large depression lacustrine basin and its con⁃ trolling effect on sandbody and petroleum:Taking the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin as an example[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(4):717-729.

    • [24] 李楠,李国辉,吴长江,等.坡折带控制下的砂质碎屑流对油气勘探的意义——以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例[J].四川地质学报,2014,34(4):505-509.LI Nan,LI Guohui,WU Changjiang,et al.The application of san⁃dy debris flow under the control of slope break to oil-gas explora⁃ tion[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2014,34(4):505-509.

    • [25] 陈丽祥,李慧勇,代黎明,等.埕北低凸起围区古沟谷与古坡折带特征及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2016,13(5):15-19.CHEN Lixiang,LI Huiyong,DAI Liming,et al.Characteristics of ancient valleys and ancient slope break in the fenced area of Chengbei Low Uplift and its control over the depositional system [J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2016,13(5):15-19.

    • [26] 刘豪,王英民.准噶尔盆地坳陷湖盆坡折带在非构造圈闭勘探中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(4):422-427.LIU Hao,WANG Yingmin.Significance of slope break zones in downwarped lake basins to exploration of non-structural traps in Junggar basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(4):422-427.

    • [27] 任本兵,瞿建华,王泽胜,等.玛湖凹陷三叠纪古地貌对沉积的分级控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(5):81-89.REN Benbing,QU Jianhua,WANG Zesheng,et al.Hierarchical control function of the paleogeomorphology in Triassic period to sedimentary in Mahu sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni⁃ versity:Science and Technology Edition,2016,38(5):81-89.

    • [28] 匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.KUANG Lichun,TANG Yong,LEI Dewen,et al.Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baik⁃ ouquan formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Junggar ba⁃ sin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(6):14-23.

    • [29] 唐勇,徐洋,瞿建华,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲群特征及分布[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):628-635.TANG Yong,XU Yang,QU Jianhua,et al.Fan-delta group char⁃ acteristics and its distribution of the Triassic Baikouquan reser⁃ voirs in Mahu sag of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geolo⁃ gy,2014,35(6):628-635.

    • [30] 雷德文,瞿建华,安志渊,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组低渗砂砾岩油气藏成藏条件及富集规律[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):642-647.LEI Dewen,QU Jianhua,AN Zhiyuan,et al.Hydrocarbon accumu⁃ lation conditions and enrichment regularity of low-permeability glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):642-647.

    • [31] 支东明,唐勇,郑孟林,等.玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区形成分布与勘探实践[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(1):1-8,22.ZHI Dongming,TANG Yong,ZHENG Menglin,et al.Discovery,distribution and exploration practice of large oil provinces of above-source conglomerate in Mahu sag[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(1):1-8,22.

    • [32] 张曰静.准噶尔盆地腹部下侏罗统三工河组物源体系分析[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(5):540-542.ZHANG Yuejing.Provenance analysis of Jurassic Sangonghe for⁃ mation in hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Ge⁃ ology,2012,33(5):540-542.

    • [33] 彭勇民,宋传春,欧方军,等.准噶尔盆地腹部地区侏罗系沉积体系展布[J].新疆地质,2008,26(3):265-269.PENG Yongmin,SONG Chuanchun,OU Fangjun,et al.Distrub⁃ tions of Jurassic depositional systems in the inland region of Jung⁃ gar basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2008,26(3):265-269.

    • [34] 高红灿,郑荣才,魏钦廉,等.碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(8):815-827.GAO Hongcan,ZHENG Rongcai,WEI Qinlian,et al.Reviews on fluid properties and sedimentary characteristics of debris flows and turbidity currents[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2012,27(8):815-827.

    • [35] 陈亮,甘华军,祝春荣,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷沉降史研究 [J].新疆石油学院学报,2002,14(4):12-17.CHEN Liang,GAN Huajun,ZHU Chunrong,et al.Study on sub⁃ sidence history of Weixinan depression in Beibuwan basin[J].Journal of Xinjiang Petroleum Institute,2002,14(4):12-17.

    • [36] 纪友亮,周勇,况军,等.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起形成演化及对沉积相的控制作用[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.JI Youliang,ZHOU Yong,KUANG Jun,et al.The formation and evolution of Chepaizi-Mosuowan paleo-uplift and its control on the distributions of sedimentary facies in the Junggar basin[J].Science China:Earth Science,2010,40(10):1 342-1 355.

    • [37] 李晓君.准噶尔盆地车-莫古隆起的发育演化特征及其对沉积的控制作用[J].油气地球物理,2013,11(1):65-67.LI Xiaojun.Features of the development and evolution of the Chemo palaeohigh of Zhunger Basin and its control on the sedi⁃ mentation[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2013,11(1):65-67.

    • [38] 厚刚福,瞿建华,朱峰,等.古地貌对沉积体系和沉积微相的控制作用分析——以准噶尔盆地腹部白垩系清水河组为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.HOU Gangfu,QU Jianhua,ZHU Feng,et al.Controlling effect of paleogeomorphology on sedimentary system and sedimentary mi⁃ crofacies:A case study of Cretaceous Qingshuihe formation in the hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Journal of China University of Min⁃ ing & Technology,2018,47(5):1 038-1 045.

    • [39] 陈晓轩.盆1井西凹陷东北环带侏罗系三工河组成藏主控因素研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2016.CHEN Xiaoxuan.Study on the main controlling factors of hydro⁃ carbon accumulation of the Jurassic Sangonghe formation in the north-east belt around depression to the west of well Pen-1[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2016.

    • [40] 廖健德,王绪龙,向宝力,等.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区油气成藏分析[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):15-18.LIAO Jiande,WANG Xulong,XIANG Baoli,et al.Oil and gas ori⁃ gin and reservoiring analyses of Mosuowan region in Zhunge’er basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(9):15-18.

    • [41] 周文泉,崔保生,张从侦.盆1井西凹陷东环带油气富集规律 [J].特种油气藏,2005,12(5):19-22.ZHOU Wenquan,CUI Baosheng,ZHANG Congzhen.Regularity of oil and gas accumulation in the east ring zone of Pen1 well west sag[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2005,12(5):19-22.