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作者简介:

张哲豪(1995—),男,陕西西安人,在读硕士研究生,从事石油地质学研究。E-mail:591057600@qq.com。

通讯作者:

魏新善(1962—),男,陕西西安人,博士,高级工程师。E-mail:wxs_cq@petrochina.com.cn。

中图分类号:TE122.2

文献标识码:A

文章编号:1009-9603(2020)02-0043-10

DOI:10.13673/j.cnki.cn37-1359/te.2020.02.006

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目录contents

    摘要

    鄂尔多斯盆地定边油田延长组长7储层石油地质储量丰富,但砂体致密、非均质性强等因素严重制约了油气的有效勘探开发。综合运用铸体薄片、扫描电镜等资料,深入分析研究区储层的岩石组分、孔隙类型、物性特征及成岩作用,将成岩演化事件与地质响应有机匹配建立研究区孔隙演化模型,厘清储层成岩演化及孔隙演化规律,同时对比不同深度成岩作用对孔隙演化规律的影响程度。结果表明,研究区长 7储层以长石砂岩为主,主要发育黏土、碳酸盐等胶结物,有效孔隙类型以残余粒间孔、次生溶孔及晶间微孔为主,为典型的特低孔、超低渗透致密砂岩储层。成岩演化过程先后经历快速压实—早期胶结、胶结—早期溶蚀、溶蚀增孔、压实—晚期胶结等阶段,目前处于中成岩 A 期。压实作用是导致孔隙减小、储层致密的主控因素,平均减孔量为 20.40%;胶结作用平均减孔量为 14.02%,其中晚期胶结是储层致密的关键因素;溶蚀作用平均增孔量为5.87%,可延缓储层致密过程。长71 油层段底部与长72 油层段中部储层压实、胶结作用减孔量相对较弱,溶蚀增孔量相对较大,可作为研究区勘探开发的首要目标。

    Abstract

    Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield of Ordos Basin has abundant oil reserves,but its tightness and anisotropy restrict the effective exploration and development. Based on thin section,scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis,the rock compositions,pore types,physical properties,and diagenesis of Chang7 tight reservoir are studied. The porosity evolu- tion model of tight sandstone reservoir are established at Chang7 by using the diagenetic evolution events and geological comprehensive response,to clarify the evolution of diagenesis and porosity. Meanwhile,influences of diagenesis at different depths on the porosity are compared,which provides a theoretical basis to explore the relatively dominant reservoirs in the study area. The results show that:The clastic rocks of Chang7 tight reservoirs in the study area are mainly feldspar sand- stone and feldspar lithic sandstone,mainly containing clay minerals,carbonate,and other cement. The effective pore types are mainly secondary dissolved pores and residual intergranular pores,indicating a typical tight sandstone reservoir with ul- tra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability. The diagenetic evolution of Chang7 reservoir in the study area has gone through stages of rapid compaction-early cementation,cementation-early dissolution,mainly dissolution-pore increase, compaction-late cementation,etc. This suggests that Chang7 oil reservoir in the research area is currently in the middle dia- genetic stage A. Compaction is the main controlling factor leading to pore decrease and tight reservoir formation,with an av- erage pore reduction of 20.4%. The average pore reduction by cementation is 14.02%,and the cementation in the late stage is the key to form tight reservoirs. The dissolution increases the porosity by 5.87% on average,which delays the densifica- tion. The sandstone compaction and cementation in the bottom of Chang71 and middle of Chang72 are relatively weak,and the dissolution increasing pore volume is relatively strong,which indicates a preferred reservoir for exploration and develop- ment in this area.

  • 近年来,随着油气需求的日益增高及常规油气产量的逐渐下降,非常规油气备受关注[1-5]。鄂尔多斯盆地勘探目标以典型的低孔、低渗透致密砂岩为主,资源量丰富、勘探潜力巨大,先后发现西峰、姬塬、华庆、新安边等储量超 10×108 t 的大规模油田[6-11],且随着勘探程度日益提高,定边油田延长组长 7 致密砂岩储层倍受重视,成为储量增产的重要阵地,综合评价其致密油资源量可达20×108 t [79-11]

  • 定边油田作为鄂尔多斯盆地主力产油区,已从构造特征、沉积相及沉积体系特征[12]、烃源岩特征[13-14]、地热-埋藏史特征、油气充注及油藏特征[14] 等方面对长 7 储层开展了大量研究工作,曹跃等认为研究区为湖泊-三角洲前缘沉积体系,北西向、北东向2大物源控制的水下分流河道微相砂体是其优势储层[12];刘亚洲等认为长 7 烃源岩为研究区主力生油层[13-14];时保宏等认为长 7 烃源岩开始生烃于中侏罗世晚期—晚侏罗世,大规模的成熟、运移则始于早白垩世中晚期[15]。但针对长7储层储集空间类型、成岩作用及孔隙演化规律等微观体系评价研究较少[16],而前人研究表明,定量表征成岩作用与孔隙演化是落实储层致密成因及指导油气藏开发的前提与基础[17-20]。基于铸体薄片、扫描电镜等资料,深入开展研究区长 7 储层岩石学特征、孔隙类型、物性特征及成岩作用研究,将成岩演化事件与地质响应相结合揭示储层致密过程,同时对不同深度成岩作用影响下的孔隙演化规律进行分析,探讨成岩强度与孔隙演化关系,为寻找研究区相对优势储层提供地质依据。

  • 1 区域地质概况

  • 定边油田位于陕西省榆林市定边县内,构造位置隶属于鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡西部[12-1315-16],为三叠系延长组及侏罗系延安组2套油组的叠合发育区,具多层系含油特点。延长组长 7 储层整体为一套湖泊-三角洲相的细碎屑岩沉积[12],据沉积旋回自下而上可进一步划分为长 73、长 72 和长 71 共 3 个油层段,先后经历了长 73油层段沉积时期湖盆扩张、长 72 油层段沉积早期湖盆收缩和沉积末期扩张及长 71 油层段沉积时期湖盆再次收缩的多旋回沉积过程,其中长 73 及长 72 油层段沉积末期湖盆扩张背景下广泛发育的大套生油岩系为研究区油藏的形成提供物质基础,而湖盆收缩背景下三角洲前缘砂体的发育区是油气富集的主要场所,沉积相带多旋回性是形成岩性圈闭的重要条件,但在一定程度上也导致研究区存在砂体致密、连通性差、非均质性强的特点。

  • 2 储层特征

  • 2.1 岩石学特征

  • 根据 SY/T5368—2000 行业标准[21],分析定边油田长 7储层 107块样品的铸体薄片、扫描电镜、图像粒度及X衍射等实验测试资料,结果表明:研究区长 7 储层以浅灰色长石砂岩为主,其含量占样品总数的 88%,其余为少量的岩屑长石砂岩(图1)。陆源碎屑体积分数平均为86.23%,其中长石体积分数最高,平均为 45.68%;石英次之,平均为 28.13%;岩屑最低,平均为 12.42%。长石类以斜长石为主,体积分数平均为 27.5%;岩屑中火成岩平均体积分数最高,平均为 2.68%;变质岩体积分数次之,平均为 2.57%;沉积岩体积分数最低,平均为 2.54%。云母体积分数平均为 4.63%。填隙物主要包括黏土类、碳酸岩类、硅质类。黏土类以绿泥石为主,体积分数平均为5.13%;高岭石次之,平均为2.86%;伊利石最少,平均仅为 0.45%。碳酸盐类体积分数平均为 4.59%,以方解石为主。硅质类体积分数平均为 1%。碎屑颗粒主要为细砂岩和粉砂岩,粒径为 0.05~0.25 mm,磨圆中等,以次圆-次棱角状为主,分选较好,呈线接触,局部可见凹凸接触。总体具有结构成熟度中等、成分成熟度中等、脆性指数中低的岩石学特征。

  • 图1 定边油田长7储层砂岩三角图

  • Fig.1 Sandstone triangle of Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield

  • 2.2 孔隙类型及物性特征

  • 扫描电镜及铸体薄片资料鉴定结果显示,研究区有效孔隙类型主要为残余粒间孔、次生溶孔和晶间微孔,偶见微裂隙,孔隙多以组合形式产出,常见残余粒间孔-次生溶孔、微裂隙-次生溶孔(图2)。研究区长 7 储层孔隙度为 2.2%~14.0%,平均为 8.61%。孔隙度整体呈左偏态分布,小于5%的超低孔分布频率为 13.04%,特低孔分布频率为 49.27%,其中主峰位于 7.5%~10.0%,其分布频率为 33.33%; 10%~15% 的低孔分布频率为 37.68%,研究区长 7 储层孔隙整体以特低孔-低孔为主(图3a)。渗透率为 0.06~2.44 mD,平均为 0.77 mD,呈左偏态分布,≤ 1 mD的超低渗透样品的分布频率为63.77%,1~2.5 mD 的特低渗透样品的分布频率为 36.23%(图3b)。据 SY/T6285—2011 油气储层分类标准[22],认为研究区属于特低孔超低渗透致密砂岩储层。

  • 3 成岩作用

  • 成岩作用是影响储层孔隙发育和演化的主要因素[17-2023-25],厘清该区成岩作用类型,有利于认识储层成岩演化阶段、序列及孔隙演化规律,对寻找 “甜点”砂体具有实际意义。综合分析铸体薄片、扫描电镜和阴极发光等资料,认为研究区储层主要经历压实和压溶作用、胶结作用及溶蚀作用。压实、压溶及胶结作用是破坏碎屑岩孔隙结构的主导因素,而溶蚀作用对改善储层空间结构起建设性作用。

  • 3.1 压实和压溶作用

  • 研究区长 7 储层岩性以长石砂岩为主,抗压实能力弱的长石、塑性岩屑等含量较高,且埋深普遍超过2 000 m,表现强烈的压实作用。板条状长石颗粒呈长边接触,定向、半定向排列;部分刚性矿物沿其解理面破裂,云母等塑性碎屑受挤压发生弯曲变形,顺层排列,局部出现假杂基化;颗粒间以线接触、凹凸接触为主(图4a,4b)。压溶作用在该区同样强烈发育,且埋藏越深压溶作用越强,颗粒间物质受上覆压力影响易沉淀析出,镜下观察可见颗粒间呈凹凸状或缝合状接触,石英次生加大边现象常见(图4b)。

  • 图2 定边油田长7储层孔隙类型

  • Fig.2 Pore types of Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield

  • 图3 定边油田长7储层物性特征

  • Fig.3 Porosity and permeability distributions of Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield

  • 3.2 胶结作用

  • 3.2.1 碳酸盐胶结作用

  • 碳酸盐胶结物类型主要包括方解石和铁方解石,呈 2 期产出,以中成岩阶段为主(图4c,4d)。早成岩阶段胶结作用主要表现为方解石呈泥晶、微晶结构,基底式充填原生粒间孔,大量的方解石胶结物虽充填了部分孔隙空间,但颗粒自身的抗压实作用和支撑作用可有效地削弱压实强度。此外,通过阴极发光可见中成岩阶段橙红色铁方解石及橙色方解石以粉晶、细晶他形呈斑状或板状分布于残余粒间孔或次生溶孔内,且部分铁方解石可交代碎屑颗粒或早期方解石,该期碳酸盐胶结物发育晚于主要溶蚀期,大量充填有效孔隙后不受溶蚀作用影响,是破坏储层孔隙空间的关键因素。

  • 图4 定边油田长7储层典型成岩现象

  • Fig.4 Typical diagenetic phenomenon of Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield

  • 3.2.2 黏土矿物胶结作用

  • 绿泥石  绿泥石是研究区最发育的黏土胶结物,呈2期产出。早成岩阶段绿泥石多以叶片状、针叶状呈衬边式绿泥石薄膜垂直于碎屑颗粒表面生长(图4e),颗粒间由于绿泥石薄膜的充填,抗压实能力增强,呈点-线状接触;同时绿泥石薄膜的存在可抑制压溶作用的发生,使石英失去成核能力[26-27],减少石英次生加大边现象的发生及硅质胶结,保护原生孔隙。中成岩阶段绿泥石常呈叶片状、花瓣状、绒球状充填于孔隙或附着于颗粒表面(图4f),堵塞、分割孔隙空间,破坏储层储渗能力。

  • 高岭石  高岭石是研究区普遍发育的黏土胶结物,其单晶发育干净完好,呈假六边形,集合体多为蠕虫状、书栅状(图2e)。高岭石为酸性流体溶蚀长石颗粒的产物,故其集合体往往充填于次生溶孔内(图4g),常与次生加大石英共生(图4h)。松散的高岭石集合体可提供大量的晶间微孔,扩大孔隙空间并提高孔隙连通性,对储层物性具有改善作用。但随埋深的增大,成岩演化程度加深,高岭石出现伊利石化蚀变趋势(图4i),导致自身晶体较小、晶型较差且表面变污,伊利石附着其表面生长,分割高岭石晶间微孔的同时,影响储层整体储渗能力。

  • 伊利石  伊利石在研究区常以发丝状、卷片状呈搭桥式充填孔隙或附着于颗粒表面生长(图4j),其晶间微孔虽可略微贡献部分孔隙空间,但很大程度上破坏其他有效孔隙并降低孔喉连通性,影响储层整体物性特征。

  • 3.2.3 硅质胶结作用

  • 在研究区主要发育2期硅质胶结作用。早成岩阶段硅质主要来源于压溶物质的沉淀析出,胶结物多呈次生石英加大边产出(图4b);中成岩阶段硅质主要来源于长石、岩屑颗粒的溶解,沉淀析出的次生加大石英常呈六方双锥状、晶柱状充填于次生溶孔及残余粒间孔内(图4h,4k),与碎屑颗粒被绿泥石薄膜隔开,表明其形成于绿泥石薄膜之后。早期次生加大石英增强了储层的抗压实能力,而晚期硅质胶结物填堵孔隙空间,影响储层储渗能力。

  • 3.3 溶蚀作用

  • 溶蚀作用是产生次生溶孔的必要条件,对储层储渗能力具有改善作用。定边地区长 73、长 72 油层段顶部发育的大套优质烃源岩为溶蚀作用提供大量酸性物质,与储层中骨架颗粒(长石、岩屑)及早期方解石胶结物反应可产生大量次生溶孔。研究区主要发育早成岩 B 期和中成岩 A 期 2 期溶蚀作用[14],早成岩 B 期油气充注携带少量的酸性物质溶蚀早期方解石胶结物及少量长石颗粒,到中成岩 A 期,有机质成熟,油气充注携带大量的酸性物质溶蚀易溶矿物或组分,多见筛状、蜂窝状长石、岩屑粒内溶孔或港湾状粒间溶孔,同时可见长石颗粒完全溶蚀形成的铸模孔(图2b,2d,4l)。次生溶孔常与残余粒间孔组合形成大孔隙(图2c),提高孔隙空间,增强目的层连通性,对储层物性具有改善作用。

  • 3.4 成岩演化阶段及序列

  • 定边油田烃源岩分析、黏土矿物X衍射、埋藏热演化史[14] 等资料表明,研究区长 7 储层普遍埋深为 2 200~2 300 m,埋藏温度为120~130℃,储层中黏土矿物以绿泥石薄膜为主,次为书栅状高岭石,少量伊利石化;长 7 烃源岩有机质镜质组反射率为 0.67%~0.89%,平均为 0.77%,最高热解峰温为 434~446℃。依据碎屑岩成岩阶段划分标准[28],认为定边油田长7储层目前处于中成岩A期。

  • 成岩作用在储层物性改造过程中具有重要作用,确定每一阶段成岩事件先后序列,有助于整体分析储层成岩演化模式,为后期孔隙演化模型的建立提供理论基础。通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜等方法分别确定碎屑颗粒间、碎屑颗粒与自生矿物间、各类胶结物间的接触关系,并结合前人研究成果,判断研究区长 7 致密砂岩储层成岩序列为:早期机械压实-绿泥石薄膜胶结-Ⅰ期方解石胶结-石英加大边-Ⅰ期油气充注-Ⅰ期溶蚀,少量长石、方解石溶解-Ⅱ期油气充注-Ⅱ期溶蚀,大量长石、方解石溶解-高岭石胶结-石英晶柱胶结-Ⅱ期方解石胶结-Ⅱ期绿泥石胶结-高岭石发育伊利石化-伊利石胶结-铁方解石胶结。

  • 4 储层孔隙演化特征

  • 4.1 孔隙演化定量分析

  • 砂岩成岩过程中,孔隙度变化受压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用共同控制[18-19]。根据前人研究成果[18-1929-36],基于岩石粒度、物性、胶结物类型及含量、孔隙类型及其面孔率等资料分析,定量计算不同成岩作用控制下的孔隙度变化量。

  • 分析岩石粒度报告可知,定边油田长 7 储层分选系数为 1.21~1.61,平均为 1.41,应用未固结砂岩孔隙度模型公式[29-36]恢复该区砂岩初始孔隙度为 35.12%~39.83%,平均为37.21%;计算残余粒间孔面孔率及胶结物含量可知研究区压实作用减孔量为 7.44%~29.43%,平均为 20.40%;胶结作用减孔量为 6.0%~29.0%,平均为 14.02%。溶蚀作用增孔量为 3.47%~7.51%,平均为 5.87%。据此可知,压实作用是导致长7储层致密、孔隙减小的主控因素;胶结作用是储层致密的关键因素,大量的胶结物充填有效孔隙空间,降低储层储渗能力,但部分早期胶结物对孔隙的保护具有积极作用,如绿泥石薄膜、早期方解石及硅质胶结可一定程度增强储层抗压实能力;溶蚀作用可提供大量次生溶孔及高岭石晶间微孔,扩大储集空间的同时,增强孔隙连通性,对该区孔隙发育具有改善作用。

  • 4.2 孔隙演化规律

  • 根据成岩作用特征及成岩序列研究成果,将成岩演化过程按时间顺序依次划分为快速压实—早期胶结、胶结—早期溶蚀、溶蚀增孔、压实—晚期胶结4个阶段,在此基础上,结合孔隙演化定量计算结果及埋藏热演化史等资料,建立研究区长 7 储层成岩阶段-孔隙演化模型(图5),定性定量表征储层物性致密成因机理[37-38]

  • 早成岩A期(快速压实—早期胶结阶段)  沉积物沉积初期—距今 166 Ma,埋深小于 1 402 m,古地温为 0~65℃,有机质未成熟,但受上覆重力及沉积速率持续加大的影响,早期机械压实作用显著,碎屑颗粒间由点接触向点-线接触转变,原生粒间孔大幅减小,压实作用减孔量为14.11%。早成岩A期主要处于碱性成岩环境,中晚期绿泥石薄膜呈衬边式充填孔隙,早期方解石胶结物呈基底式产出,近一步胶结原生粒间孔,胶结作用减孔量为 3.3%,整个早成岩A期总孔隙度下降至19.8%。

  • 图5 定边油田长7储层成岩阶段-孔隙演化模型

  • Fig.5 Diagenetic stage and porosity evolution model of sandstone of Chang7 reservoir in Dingbian Oilfield

  • 早成岩 B 期(胶结—早期溶蚀阶段)  距今 166~139 Ma,埋深约为 1 402~1 780 m,古地温升高至65~85℃,有机质半成熟。随埋深增加,机械压实程度持续增强,绿泥石薄膜、早期方解石胶结物更为发育,原生粒间孔体积进一步缩小,同时碎屑颗粒局部发生压溶作用,石英次生加大边发育,碎屑颗粒间以线、点-线接触为主,偶见凹凸接触,压实、胶结作用减孔量分别为 2.05% 和 4.05%。在早成岩 B 期末,Ⅰ期油气充注(距今 140 Ma)携带酸性流体进入储层,成岩环境从碱性向弱酸性转变,有机酸抑制早期方解石胶结的同时[29],可产生少量长石溶孔或岩屑溶孔,溶蚀作用增孔量为 0.97%。储层剩余孔隙度为14.67%。

  • 中成岩 A 早期(主要溶蚀增孔阶段)  距今 139~120 Ma,随着埋深增加至 2 275 m,古地温达 90~110℃,有机质成熟进入生烃高峰期,Ⅱ期油气充注(距今125 Ma)携带酸性流体大规模溶蚀长石、碎屑及部分胶结物,产生大量次生溶孔,溶蚀作用增孔量为4.9%,但溶蚀产物次生高岭石及六方双锥次生加大石英胶结部分孔隙空间,减孔量为3.61%,压实作用伴随整个成岩过程,此阶段压实作用减孔量为2.67%,最终剩余孔隙度为13.29%。

  • 中成岩 A 晚期(压实—晚期胶结阶段)  距今 120 Ma—现今,埋深由 2 563 m 缓慢抬升至现今 2 260 m,古地温为 110~130℃,干酪根热解率降低,成岩环境从酸性逐渐向碱性转变,溶蚀作用停止,但压实及胶结作用使储层进一步致密,碎屑颗粒间呈凹凸接触或缝合线接触,晚期绒球状绿泥石、发丝状伊利石、方解石、铁方解石填充次生溶孔或残余粒间孔,同时可见部分晚期方解石、铁方解石胶结交代碎屑颗粒,压实、胶结作用减孔量分别为 1.57%和3.08%。综合分析孔隙演化规律可知,基于建立的孔隙演化模型计算研究区长7储层现今总孔隙度为 8.64%,与实测结果(8.61%)吻合,说明所建的孔隙演化模型具有实际应用价值。

  • 5 “甜点”砂体成因及分布预测

  • 为进一步指导油气开发,探索“甜点”砂体,首先建立高岭石及碳酸盐含量与深度的关系(图6)。研究区长 7 储层高岭石主要为长石溶蚀产物,故高岭石含量随深度变化趋势与溶蚀增孔趋势一致,但随埋深增加,成岩演化程度增强,长 72 油层段底部 (2 278~2 290 m)部分高岭石向伊利石转变,伊利石胶结孔隙,破坏储层储渗能力;研究区主要发育2期碳酸盐胶结,早期方解石易被酸性流体所溶蚀,故埋藏越浅早期方解石含量越高,但随埋深增加晚期方解石、铁方解石胶结程度越强,含量越高,随碳酸盐含量总体表现出先减小后增大趋势;长 71 油层段胶结减孔量随埋深增加而减小,长 72 油层段胶结减孔量随埋深增加而增大。

  • 在明确高岭石及碳酸盐含量随埋深变化规律的基础上,分别建立压实作用减孔量、胶结作用减孔量、溶蚀作用增孔量与埋深的关系(图6),开展不同埋深孔隙演化规律对比研究。分析压实作用减孔量与深度关系表明,储层埋藏越深,压实强度越大,长 72 油层段减孔量总体大于长 71 油层段。溶蚀作用增孔量与深度关系表明,储层越靠近主力生油岩系,溶蚀增孔量越大,长73 烃源岩相比长72 油层段烃源岩层系更厚、有机质更丰富,故长 72 油层段底部(2 280~2 290 m)储层溶蚀增孔量最大,长 71 油层段底部(2 220~2 235 m)与长 72 油层段中部(2 255~2 278 m)储层增孔量次之,长 71 油层段顶部砂体溶蚀增孔量最少。综合分析不同深度成岩作用对孔隙演化规律的影响程度,本次研究认为长 71 油层段底部(2 220~2 235 m)及长 72 油层段中部(2 255~2 278 m)储层压实、胶结减孔作用相对较弱,溶蚀增孔作用相对较强,可作为研究区勘探开发的首要目标。

  • 图6 定边油田长7储层不同埋深下成岩作用与孔隙演化关系

  • Fig.6 Relationship between porosity evolution and diagenesis at different depth

  • 6 结论

  • 鄂尔多斯盆地定边油田延长组长7致密砂岩储层以长石砂岩为主,岩屑长石砂岩次之,成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等,胶结物以黏土、碳酸盐等矿物为主,有效孔隙类型以残余粒间孔、次生溶孔及晶间微孔为主,并多以组合形式出现。样品实测孔隙度为 2.2%~14%,平均为 8.61%,渗透率为 0.06~2.44 mD,平均为0.77 mD,认为研究区长7储层为特低孔超低渗透致密砂岩储层。其主要经历压实、压溶、胶结、溶蚀等成岩作用,目前处于中成岩 A 期。先后经历快速压实—早期胶结阶段、胶结—早期溶蚀阶段、溶蚀增孔阶段、压实—晚期胶结等成岩演化阶段,压实作用贯穿整个成岩过程,是储层孔隙度减小最主要的控制因素,平均减孔量为 20.40%; 胶结作用是储层致密的关键因素,平均减孔量为 14.02%,但部分早期胶结物对孔隙的保护具有积极作用,如绿泥石薄膜、早期方解石及硅质胶结可一定程度增强储层抗压实能力;溶蚀作用对改善储层空间结构起建设性作用,平均增孔量为5.87%,最终计算孔隙度平均值为8.64%。

  • 分析研究区长7储层不同深度成岩作用对孔隙演化规律的影响程度,认为长71 油层段底部(2 220~2 235 m)与长72 油层段中部(2 255~2 278 m)储层压实、胶结减孔作用相对较弱,溶蚀增孔量相对较多,可作为该区相对优势储层优先开发。

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