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作者简介:

王越(1988—),男,山东德州人,副研究员,博士,从事沉积学及层序地层学方面的研究。E-mail:620788364@qq.com。

中图分类号:TE121.3

文献标识码:A

文章编号:1009-9603(2022)04-0012-13

DOI:10.13673/j.cnki.cn37-1359/te.202106048

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目录contents

    摘要

    准噶尔盆地东部克拉美丽山山前凹陷中二叠统平地泉组相当于博格达山山前凹陷的芦草沟组与红雁池组,芦草沟组与平地泉组均为重要的烃源岩层系,尚未建立芦草沟组与平地泉组的等时地层格架,制约了烃源岩在横向和纵向上分布范围的落实。通过系统分析井-震、露头及地化等资料,划分了芦草沟组层序地层单元,明确了与平地泉组的地层对应关系,建立了准噶尔盆地东部芦草沟组沉积充填模式。研究结果表明:博格达山周缘中二叠统芦草沟组及红雁池组各为一个三级层序,分别对应平地泉组下部的三级层序 1与上部的三级层序 2。芦草沟组 (层序1)发育低位域、湖侵域与高位域,低位域以扇三角洲、三角洲与滨浅湖沉积为主,半深湖-深湖亚相仅分布在博格达地区;湖侵域半深湖-深湖亚相在各凹陷分布范围达到最大;高位域扇三角洲、三角洲及浊积扇砂体规模增大,半深湖-深湖亚相分布范围减小。芦草沟组湖侵域与高位域沉积时期,半深湖-深湖亚相发育了优质烃源岩,与高位域各类型砂体构成良好的生储组合。芦草沟组高位域为准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统较有利的勘探层系。

    Abstract

    The Middle Permian Pingdiquan Formation in the piedmont depression of Kelameili Mountain in eastern Junggar Basin is equivalent to Lucaogou Formation and Hongyanchi Formation in the piedmont depression of Bogda Mountain. Lu- caogou Formation and Pingdiquan Formation are important series of strata with source rocks. The isochronous stratigraphic framework of Lucaogou Formation and Pingdiquan Formation has not been established,which affects the distribution range of source rocks in horizontal and vertical directions. According to the systematic analysis of well seismic,outcrop and geo- chemical data,this paper divides the sequence stratigraphic units of Lucaogou Formation and clarifies the corresponding re- lationships with Pingdiquan Formation. Moreover,the paper establishes the sedimentary filling models of Lucaogou Forma- tion in eastern Junggar Basin. The results show that the middle Permian Lucaogou Formation and Hongyanchi Formation on the periphery of Bogda Mountain are both third-order sequences,respectively corresponding to the third-order sequence1 at the lower part of Pingdiquan Formation and the third-order sequence 2 at the upper part. Lucaogou Formation(Se-quence1)develops lowstand,transgressive and highstand system tracts. The lowstand system tract is dominated by fan del- ta,delta and shore-shallow lake deposits,and the semi-deep lake-deep lake facies is only distributed in Bogda area. The distribution ranges of semi-deep lake-deep lake facies in the transgressive system tract reach the maximum in each sag. The scales of fan delta,delta and turbidite fan sand bodies in the highstand system tract increase,and the distribution rang- es of semi-deep lake-deep lake facies decreases. During the sedimentary period of transgressive and highstand system tracts in Lucaogou Formation,the semi-deep lake-deep lake facies developed high-quality source rocks,which formed a good source-reservoir assemblage with various types of sand bodies in the highstand system tract. The highstand system tract of Lucaogou Formation is favorable exploration strata of Middle Permian in eastern Junggar Basin.

  • 克拉美丽山山前凹陷的平地泉组(P2p)、博格达山山前凹陷与吉木萨尔凹陷的芦草沟组(P2l)为准噶尔盆地东部的主力烃源岩层,以湖相暗色泥岩、泥页岩与云质岩、灰质岩互层为主。前人针对准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统的构造演化、层序地层和沉积特征开展了一定的研究工作。易泽军认为受控于克拉美丽山右行走滑-挤压断裂影响,准噶尔盆地东部在早-中二叠世形成北西向前陆盆地,其内部发育小规模北东向分布的断陷[1]。史燕青等认为博格达地区中二叠世继承早二叠世裂谷背景,在半干旱-干旱气候条件下,发育了以博格达地区为沉积中心的辫状三角洲-湖泊沉积体系[2]。李德江等将准噶尔盆地二叠系划分为 7 个三级层序,克拉美丽山山前凹陷平地泉组为一个三级层序,与博格达山山前凹陷的中二叠统芦草沟组与红雁池组相对应[3]。王越等将石钱滩凹陷平地泉组自下而上划分为三级层序1、层序2,发育扇三角洲、三角洲与湖泊沉积体系[4]。张志杰等认为石树沟凹陷平地泉组整体为一向上变深再变浅的三级层序,平地泉组下段发育半深湖-深湖相优质烃源岩[5]。张文文等将吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组划分为 2 个三级层序 SQ1 和 SQ2,以三角洲、砂质浅滩、混合坪及云坪沉积为主[6-9]。王圣柱等依据钻井、露头等资料详细研究了博格达山周缘芦草沟组沉积演化、混合沉积特征及烃源岩特征[10-13]

  • 总体来看,目前尚未建立芦草沟组与平地泉组的精细层序地层对比格架,前期主要以准噶尔盆地东部各凹陷为独立构造单元进行研究。在成熟探区吉木萨尔凹陷取得了较多的研究成果,而石钱滩、木垒、古城及柴窝堡等凹陷勘探程度均较低,有利勘探方向不明确。只有在等时层序地层格架内将准噶尔盆地东部作为一个整体进行系统研究,才能更好地利用成熟探区的研究成果指导低勘探区的井位部署工作。

  • 根据露头、井-震、地化以及元素测试等资料,笔者对博格达山周缘中二叠统芦草沟组与红雁池组开展了精细层序地层单元划分,结合前人对中二叠统平地泉组建立的层序地层划分方案,厘清了芦草沟组与平地泉组的地层单元对应关系,详细分析了各层序单元的沉积相及沉积体系分布特征,建立了准噶尔盆地东部芦草沟组沉积充填模式,为下一步油气勘探提供了重要的地质基础。

  • 1 地质概况

  • 研究区位于准噶尔盆地东部隆起区,夹持于克拉美丽山、博格达山与伊林黑比尔根山之间,可以划分为 15 个二级构造单元,包括 8 个凸起和 7 个凹陷(图1)。沙奇凸起以北的各凹陷二叠系自下而上为下二叠统金沟组(P1j)、中二叠统将军庙组(P2j)和平地泉组(P2p)以及上二叠统梧桐沟组(P3w)。沙奇凸起以南的各凹陷二叠系自下而上为下二叠统石人子沟组、塔什库拉组,中二叠统乌拉泊组(P2w)、井井子沟组(P2j)、芦草沟组(P2l)及红雁池组(P2h),上二叠统泉子街组(P3q)与梧桐沟组(P3w)。北部凹陷的中二叠统平地泉组相当于博格达山周缘各凹陷的芦草沟组与红雁池组。平地泉组下部发育中粗砂岩、泥页岩、灰岩以及碳质泥岩、煤层,上部发育灰色砾岩、砂砾岩、粉细砂岩和泥岩。芦草沟组主要发育灰色砂砾岩、中粗砂岩、深灰色泥页岩以及灰岩、白云岩,红雁池组主要发育灰色、灰绿色砾岩与砂砾岩。依据岩性组合特征将芦草沟组自下而上划分为一段、二段、三段与四段,红雁池组自下而上划分为一段、二段与三段。

  • 2 层序地层格架

  • 2.1 三级层序界面

  • 通过对研究区地震和露头资料进行系统分析,识别出中二叠统芦草沟组底界面(SB1)、红雁池组底界面(SB2)为三级层序界面,柴窝堡凹陷内可见较明显的下削上超现象(图2a)。SB1 上、下地层岩性存在较大差异,芦草沟组以灰色砾岩与砂砾岩为主,井井子沟组以灰色、灰绿色凝灰质砂砾岩为主,反映了沉积环境存在突变。柴窝堡凹陷芦草沟组与红雁池组岩性相似,以灰色砾岩与砂砾岩为主。博格达山北缘 SB2 上、下地层存在岩性突变(图2b),芦草沟组以深灰色泥页岩夹泥晶白云岩为主 (图2c),红雁池组以灰绿色砾岩、砂砾岩为主(图2d),反映了上、下地层之间的沉积环境发生了转变。上二叠统泉子街组底界(SB3)为区域不整合面[14],属于二级层序界面,柴窝堡凹陷界面上的地层呈角度不整合接触。博格达山北缘西大龙口剖面中、上二叠统呈角度不整合接触,由中二叠统红雁池组滨浅湖相突变为上二叠统泉子街组冲积扇相[15]

  • 图1 准噶尔盆地东部构造单元划分与露头、钻井分布

  • Fig.1 Division of tectonic units and distribution of outcrops and drilling wells in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 2.2 体系域界面

  • 博格达山周缘构造变形强烈导致断层较发育,在地震剖面上难以识别首次湖泛面(FFS)与最大湖泛面(MFS)。本次研究通过对自然伽马曲线进行余弦变化(Cosine)与合成预测误差滤波(Inpefa)对砂砾岩、砂岩地层进行了体系域划分(图3)。芦草沟组一段顶部发育厚层红褐色泥岩,芦草沟组二段底部转为厚层灰色泥岩、砂质泥岩,合成预测误差滤波曲线由低值逐渐转为高值,余弦变化曲线由红色强能量转为蓝色弱能量,反映了由浅水环境转为较深水的安静环境。芦草沟组一段顶部到芦草沟组二段底部,湖平面由相对稳定到开始缓慢上升,芦草沟组一段的顶界面代表了首次湖泛面。芦草沟组二段上部发育一套厚度为 10~15 m 的灰色泥岩,合成预测误差滤波曲线为较高值,余弦变化曲线为蓝色弱能量,反映了较深水的安静环境。芦草沟组三段底部转为薄层的细砂岩、泥质粉砂岩,合成预测误差滤波曲线值开始减小,余弦变化曲线转为红色强能量。综合分析认为,芦草沟组二段顶界为最大湖泛面,界面下部灰色泥岩为湖平面快速上升时期形成的密集段。

  • 博格达山北缘芦草沟组以深灰色泥页岩为主,夹薄层的白云岩、灰岩,主要采用地化指标与元素分析对泥页岩地层进行了体系域划分(图4)。芦草沟组一段以灰色泥岩夹泥灰岩、泥晶白云岩为主,总有机碳含量(TOC)为 1.87%~6.02%,可溶烃含量 (S1)为 0.48~1.36 mg/g,具有低 Sr/Ba 值和 V/Ni 值的特征。芦草沟组二段底部 TOCS1,Sr/Ba 值与 V/Ni 值较明显增大,与芦草沟组一段相比具有深水、高盐度与强还原的水体环境,芦草沟组一段的顶界面代表了首次湖泛面。芦草沟组二段顶部泥页岩 TOC值为7.48%~9.89%,S1值为1.43~3.82 mg/g,TOCS1均为芦草沟组最大值发育层段,为湖侵域密集段缓慢沉积的产物,反映湖侵规模达到了最大,芦草沟组二段顶界面代表了最大湖泛面。采用不同的方法针对不同岩性的地层进行体系域界面识别得到了相同的结果,反映了以上方法在研究区具有较好的应用效果。

  • 图2 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统层序界面识别

  • Fig.2 Sequence interface identification of Middle Permian in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 2.3 层序划分方案

  • 将博格达山周缘芦草沟组、红雁池组划分 2 个三级层序,分别对应层序 1、层序 2。芦草沟组自下而上划分为低位域、湖侵域与高位域(图5a),低位域对应 1个准层序组,湖侵域对应 2个准层序组,高位域对应4个准层序组。红雁池组自下而上划分为低位域与湖侵域,低位域对应2个准层序组,湖侵域对应2个准层序组。王越等将石钱滩凹陷中二叠统平地泉组划分 2个三级层序(层序 1和层序 2)[4] (图5b),通过进一步开展四级旋回对比发现,芦草沟组与平地泉组层序1、红雁池组与平地泉组层序2各体系域的旋回结构均具有很好的对应关系,而且芦草沟组与平地泉组层序 1 的湖侵域、高位域均为优质烃源岩发育层段。因此,认为芦草沟组相当于平地泉组下部的层序 1,红雁池组相当于平地泉组上部的层序 2,在此基础上进一步对芦草沟组的沉积相与沉积体系开展了系统研究。

  • 3 层序格架内沉积特征

  • 3.1 古流向特征

  • 博格达造山带在石炭纪为大陆裂谷环境,其东段在早石炭世开始裂离,中石炭世末至晚石炭世初闭合形成造山带[16];西段至中石炭世才开始明显裂离,晚石炭世末发生闭合形成水下低隆[17]。早二叠世,博格达山南麓的吐哈盆地以陆相裂谷环境下的冲积扇、河流相沉积为主[18-19],博格达山北麓的柴窝堡凹陷为海相沉积环境[20]。中二叠世,准噶尔盆地与吐哈盆地水体相通,形成统一的湖相沉积体系[21]。本次研究恢复了博格达山周缘和石钱滩凹陷芦草沟组的古水流,结合前人在该区的古水流数据[1922-26] 进行分析,结果(图6)表明:博格达山西段与石钱滩凹陷南北两侧具有双向水流汇聚的特征,为准噶尔盆地东部的沉积中心。此外,前人研究吉木萨尔凹陷中部与石树沟凹陷南部分别存在1个沉积中心,芦草沟组沉积时期均发育半深湖-深湖相[827]。综合分析明确了准噶尔盆地东部在芦草沟组沉积时期发育 4 个沉积中心,分别为博格达山西段、石钱滩凹陷、吉木萨尔凹陷与石树沟凹陷。

  • 图3 准噶尔盆地东部木参1井芦草沟组层序地层划分

  • Fig.3 Sequence stratigraphic division of Lucaogou Formation in Well Mucan1,eastern Junggar Basin

  • 图4 准噶尔盆地东部奇1井芦草沟组层序地层划分

  • Fig.4 Sequence stratigraphic division of Lucaogou Formation in Well Qi1,eastern Junggar Basin

  • 3.2 沉积相类型

  • 中二叠世芦草沟组沉积时期,准噶盆地东部主要发育扇三角洲、三角洲、浊积扇和湖泊相。

  • 3.2.1 扇三角洲

  • 扇三角洲主要在伊林黑比尔根山与克拉美丽山山前发育,以扇三角洲平原和扇三角洲前缘沉积为主。扇三角洲平原发育分流河道与分流间湾微相(图7a)。分流河道以灰色中砾岩、细砾岩为主,主要发育块状层理和粒序层理,砾石呈次棱角状、次圆状,粒径为 3~5 cm,多为高角度不稳定状堆积 (图7b)。分流间湾以棕红色粉砂质泥岩、泥岩为主,反映了相对安静的沉积环境。

  • 图5 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统层序地层划分方案

  • Fig.5 Sequence stratigraphic division scheme of Middle Permian in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 扇三角洲前缘发育水下分流河道与水下分流间湾微相(图7c)。水下分流河道以灰绿色砂砾岩 (图7d)、含砾粗砂岩(图7e)与粗砂岩(图7f)为主,主要发育块状层理。砂砾岩、含砾粗砂岩中砾石以灰岩、火山岩为主,粒径为0.5~2 cm,与砂混杂堆积,呈次圆状,分选较差。水下分流间湾以深灰色粉砂质泥岩和泥岩为主。

  • 3.2.2 三角洲

  • 三角洲主要在盆内沙奇凸起与三台凸起南北两侧发育,主要发育三角洲前缘河口坝砂体,在地震剖面上可以见到明显的前积层(图7g)。河口坝单砂体厚度为 2~5 m,自然电位和自然伽马曲线表现为中高幅漏斗形或者多个反序齿形叠加,具有底部渐变、顶部突变的特征(图7h)。河口坝以灰绿色泥质砂岩、细砂岩为主,发育小规模浪成沙纹层理 (图7i),粒度累积概率曲线呈“双跳一悬式”,由跳跃和悬浮 2 个总体组成,其中跳跃总体又可分为 2 个次总体(图7j),表现受波浪作用改造的特征。

  • 图6 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠世古流向特征

  • Fig.6 Paleocurrent characteristics of Middle Permian in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 3.2.3 浊积扇

  • 芦草沟组湖侵域、高位域沉积时期,博格达地区发育一定规模的浊积扇砂体,以深灰色泥岩夹薄层灰色粉细砂岩为主[12]。在博格达山东北缘小龙口、奇 1 井附近发育大量同生小断层、包卷层理、不完整的鲍马序列ab段与火焰状构造、同沉积布丁构造、重荷模与砂岩液化脉。大量的软沉积物变形构造反映了当时该区域为不稳定的沉积环境,易受重力作用发生大规模的滑塌作用,形成浊积扇相砂泥岩互层沉积。

  • 3.2.4 湖泊

  • 湖泊相在准噶尔盆地东部广泛分布,可划分为滨浅湖、半深湖、深湖亚相。滨浅湖亚相主要以棕红色、灰绿色的泥质粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩和泥岩为主,石钱滩凹陷湖侵域发育灰绿色泥岩夹薄层的泥晶灰岩,属于灰坪微相沉积(图5b)。半深湖亚相以深灰色泥岩夹泥晶灰岩为主,泥晶灰岩厚度为 0.1~0.3 m。深湖亚相以深灰色泥页岩夹泥晶白云岩为主(图7k,7l),泥晶白云岩厚度为 0.2~0.5 m,白云石多呈自形或半自形,直径为 1~5 mm(图7m)。半深湖、深湖亚相发育的深灰色泥岩与泥页岩的总有机碳含量、生烃潜量较高,为准噶尔盆地东部重要的烃源岩[10]

  • 3.3 沉积相对比

  • 在系统分析沉积相的基础上,对准噶尔盆地东部芦草沟组南北向和东西向沉积特征进行了对比分析。从南北向顺物源方向来看,芦草沟组低位域沉积时期,伊林黑比尔根山与克拉美丽山山前发育较大规模的扇三角洲,盆内紧邻三台凸起与沙奇凸起发育小规模三角洲(图8)。湖侵域沉积时期,湖域面积扩大,博格达地区、吉木萨尔凹陷与石钱滩凹陷发育了半深湖-深湖沉积,扇体规模有所减小。高位域沉积时期,博格达地区与吉木萨尔凹陷仍然继承了半深湖-深湖沉积,石钱滩凹陷主要发育扇三角洲、三角洲与滨浅湖沉积。通过在层序地层格架内对比各凹陷沉积相,明确了吉木萨尔凹陷下甜点段对应芦草沟组湖侵域顶部与高位域底部,上甜点段对应芦草沟组高位域上部。

  • 从东西向垂直物源方向来看,芦草沟组低位域沉积时期,博格达地区阿 1井、小 1井发育扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘沉积,以灰色砂砾岩、中粗砂岩为主;向东到X1井、芦草沟剖面发育半深湖-深湖亚相,以深灰色泥岩、泥页岩为主,夹薄层灰色粉细砂岩;奇 1 井至木参 1 井主要发育三角洲与滨浅湖沉积(图9)。湖侵域沉积时期,阿1井附近发育小规模扇三角洲,小 1 井至奇 1 井发育半深湖-深湖亚相; 木参1井早期以滨浅湖沉积为主,晚期发育半深湖-深湖亚相。高位域沉积时期,阿 1 井至新永地 1 井发育大规模的扇三角洲前缘沉积,以厚层砂砾岩、砂岩为主;芦草沟剖面至奇1井仍以半深湖-深湖亚相为主;木参1井附近发育三角洲-滨浅湖沉积。

  • 3.4 沉积体系分布

  • 芦草沟组低位域沉积时期,伊林黑比尔根山向柴窝堡凹陷内提供了大量的粗碎屑物质,以扇三角洲平原和前缘为主,扇体在横向上连片分布(图10a)。三台凸起、沙奇凸起供给能力有限,其南北两侧的局部地区发育了小规模的三角洲。石树沟凹陷与石钱滩凹陷北部发育了多个小规模扇三角洲。湖泊分布范围较大,主要以滨浅湖亚相为主,半深湖-深湖亚相主要分布在博格达地区。

  • 芦草沟组湖侵域沉积时期,湖域面积快速扩张,扇三角洲与三角洲扇体规模有所减小(图10b),仍然分布在伊林黑比尔根山与克拉美丽山山前。柴窝堡凹陷内发育一定的浊积扇砂体,呈东西向平行分布。湖盆内广泛发育半深湖-深湖亚相,呈东西向长轴状分布。博格达地区半深湖-深湖沉积分布范围最大,东西向长约 290 km,南北向宽约 100 km;石树沟凹陷、石钱滩凹陷与吉木萨尔凹陷半深湖-深湖沉积分布范围相对较小。

  • 图7 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统芦草沟组典型沉积特征

  • Fig.7 Typical sedimentary characteristics of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 图8 准噶尔盆地东部达1井—胜利沟剖面中二叠统芦草沟组沉积相对比(吉174井数据引自文献[7-8]

  • Fig.8 Comparison between sedimentary facies of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in Well Da1-Shengligou section in eastern Junggar Basin(References[7-8]for data of Well Ji174)

  • 图9 准噶尔盆地东部阿1井—木参1井中二叠统芦草沟组沉积相对比

  • Fig.9 Comparison between sedimentary facies of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in Well A1-Well Mucan1 in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 芦草沟组高位域沉积时期,准噶尔盆地东部湖域面积缩小,扇三角洲与三角洲扇体规模增大(图10c)。扇三角洲主要在紧邻伊林黑比尔根山与克拉美丽山的区域发育,三角洲主要分布在三台凸起与沙奇凸起周缘,浊积扇主要分布在博格达地区。半深湖-深湖沉积范围较湖侵域明显减小,主要分布在博格达地区,石树沟凹陷、石钱滩凹陷与吉木萨尔凹陷分布范围较小。

  • 4 沉积充填模式

  • 在系统分析层序地层格架内沉积特征的基础上,建立了准噶尔盆地东部芦草沟组沉积充填模式 (图11)。伊林黑比尔根山、克拉美丽山与三台凸起、沙奇凸起为主要物源区,控制准噶尔盆地东部形成了博格达地区、吉木萨尔凹陷、石树沟凹陷与石钱滩凹陷 4 个沉积中心。芦草沟组沉积时期,柴窝堡凹陷为盆地断陷一侧的陡坡带,由南向北发育了厚层的扇三角洲砂砾岩、半深湖-深湖亚相的泥页岩以及薄层的浊积扇砂体。克拉美丽山山前地形高差较大,发育了扇三角洲砂砾岩与半深湖-深湖亚相泥页岩,其规模小于博格达地区。盆地内部三台凸起与沙奇凸起为 NW—SE 向狭长型的低凸起,其南北两侧的各凹陷发育了小规模三角洲相的粉细砂岩。三台凸起以南地形高差相对较大,三角洲前缘砂体滑塌形成了一定规模的浊积扇砂体。沙奇凸起以北地形较为平缓,石钱滩凹陷发育小规模灰坪相的泥晶灰岩。

  • 图10 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统芦草沟组各体系域沉积体系分布

  • Fig.10 Sedimentary system distribution of each system tract of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 图11 准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统芦草沟组沉积充填模式

  • Fig.11 Sedimentary filling models of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in eastern Junggar Basin

  • 从纵向上来看,芦草沟组为一个完整的水进到水退的沉积演化过程,湖侵域与高位域发育了较大规模的半深湖-深湖亚相泥页岩,形成了准噶尔盆地东部重要的优质烃源岩[17];高位域发育了较大规模的扇三角洲、三角洲砂砾岩,局部发育浊积扇砂体与灰坪沉积的泥晶灰岩。湖侵域、高位域优质烃源岩与高位域的砂砾岩、砂岩及泥晶灰岩等储集岩构成了良好的生储组合,吉木萨尔凹陷的芦草沟组高位域底部(下甜点段)与顶部(上甜点段)已经获得工业油流,博格达山周缘多口钻井(达 1、X1、X2 与木参 1 等井)高位域已经见到了良好的油气显示 (图8,图9)。总体分析,芦草沟组高位域为准噶盆地东部中二叠统较有利的勘探层系。

  • 5 结论

  • 准噶尔盆地东部博格达山周缘中二叠统芦草沟组与红雁池组分别为一个三级层序,芦草沟组相当于克拉美丽山山前各凹陷平地泉组下部的三级层序 1,红雁池组相当于平地泉组上部的三级层序 2。芦草沟组自下而上划分为低位域、湖侵域与高位域,红雁池组发育低位域与湖侵域,高位域缺失。

  • 芦草沟组(层序 1)低位域沉积时期,盆缘发育大规模扇三角洲沉积,盆内主要发育三角洲-滨浅湖沉积,半深湖-深湖亚相主要分布在博格达地区; 湖侵域沉积时期,扇三角洲与三角洲规模减小,半深湖-深湖亚相在各凹陷均有发育,分布范围达到最大;高位域沉积时期,扇三角洲与三角洲砂体规模增大,半深湖-深湖亚相在各凹陷分布范围减小。湖侵域与高位域的半深湖-深湖亚相灰色泥岩、泥页岩为优质烃源岩,与高位域扇三角洲、三角洲及浊积扇砂体构成了良好的生储组合,芦草沟组高位域为准噶尔盆地东部中二叠统较有利的勘探层系。

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