页岩储层多段压裂后裂缝自然闭合压力递减规律
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李勇明(1974—),男,四川营山人,教授,博导,从事油气藏增产改造教学与研究。联系电话:13072896966,E-mail:swpifrac@ 163.com。

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国家自然科学基金重大项目“页岩地层动态随机裂缝控制机理与无水压裂理论”(51490653),国家“973”计划“中国南方海相页 岩气高效开发的基础研究”(2013CB228004)。


Pressure decline analysis on natural closure of cracks after multistage fracturing in shale gas reservoir
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    摘要:

    页岩储层具有低孔隙度、超低渗透率的物性特征,目前通过水平井分段多级压裂对储层进行增产改造是高效开发页岩等非常规储层的关键技术。但由于流体在水平井多条裂缝同时闭合时的流动特征与单条裂缝时明显不同,导致现阶段针对压裂直井成熟的压力递减分析方法不能直接应用于页岩储层分段多级压裂后的压力递减分析。考虑裂缝自然闭合时引起的应力敏感效应和页岩储层中天然微裂隙发育的地质特征,采用双重孔隙介质渗流模型,分析压裂液在页岩储层中的滤失,并结合以弹塑性力学理论为基础的拟三维裂缝模型,建立裂缝体积守恒方程,得到针对页岩储层分段多级压裂后关井期内裂缝自然闭合条件下的压力递减模型。分析结果表明,储层中基 质孔隙度、裂缝渗透率和应力敏感系数是影响关井时压力递减的主要因素。

    Abstract:

    The shale gas reservoirs are featured as low porosity and ultra-low permeability. Nowadays,the key approach to enhance oil production in shale gas reservoirs and other unconventional reservoirs is multistage hydraulic fracturing in hori? zontal wells. However,the mature analysis method of pressure decline fit for fractured vertical wells cannot be applied to the pressure decline analysis after multistage fracturing directly,owing to the differences in flowing characteristic of fractur? ing fluid between several cracks closure in the horizontal wells and single crack closure. Considering stress sensitivity caused by natural crack closure and geological features of natural micro-fractures development in the shale gas formations, dual-pore media model was adopted to simulate the process of fracturing fluid filtration. Meanwhile,pseudo-three dimen? sional fracture model based on elastic-plastic theory was applied to obtain volume conservation equation of the cracks. Con? sequently,pressure decline model during shut-in period under the condition of natural closure of the fractures in the shale gas reservoir was established. The porosity of matrix,the permeability of fracture and the stress sensitivity coefficient are the main factors influencing pressure decline in the shut-in period.

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李勇明,王琰琛,马汉伟.页岩储层多段压裂后裂缝自然闭合压力递减规律[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):98~102

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-03-31