The purpose of history matching of reservoir numerical simulation is to verify and modify the numerical simulation model，so as to improve the reliability of numerical simulation model and the prediction accuracy of oilfield development indexes. At present the common methods of history matching lack systematicness and normativity，which introduces a certain randomness and arbitrary to the modification of the numerical simulation model. A set of systematic analysis method of history matching was put forward based on numerical simulation model building and initialization inspection. Starting with the analysis of matching phenomenon，matching contradictions between dynamic and static data can be divided into five types and three key matching points were also pointed out based on matching curve shape. According to the different types of matching contradictions，influence factors on matching indexes were analyzed and the possible causes of matching contradiction were listed. Combined with the dynamic and static data and understanding of the actual block，the uncertainty of the numerical simulation model was analyzed. Exclusive method was used to quickly determine the specific reasons for matching contradictions. The numerical simulation model was repeatedly modified until the accuracy of history matching was attained. The case showed that the number of times of the numerical simulation is greatly reduced，and the efficiency and accuracy of the history matching are improved using the method. The practicability and validity of the method are proved.