Based on the waterflooding development practice of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield，this paper systematically study waterflooding characteristics with geology，geophysics，tracer test，and production performance data. In addition，the paper constructs low-efficiency waterflooding modes and puts forward technical measures to improve waterflooding technologies. The research results show that the waterflooding fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs have three characteristics：the single response direction，the low utilization factor of water injection and the most waterflooding failure due to bottom water invasion；and there are three main types and 10 subtypes of the low-efficiency waterflooding modes including the low the percentage of reserves on hold under waterflooding，the low the percentage of producing reserves under waterflooding，and the low displacement efficiency. The measures to improve the waterflooding development are as follows：First，the percentage of reserves on hold under waterflooding could be increased by improving the well pattern，and connectivity based on constructing（or improving）the injection and production relationships around the connected fracture-cavity bodies（or groups）. Second，the percentage of producing reserves under waterflooding can be improved by profile control and flooding，optimizing the injection and production parameters，changing waterflooding direction，and changing water injection intensity. Third，the oil displacement efficiency can be enhanced by improving the properties of the rock and oil-water interface. Finally，the bottom water can be inhibited by improving the bottom hole pressure，blocking the water invasion channel，and reducing bottom water energy. At the same time，the various technologies should be comprehensively used to strengthen the accuracy of reservoir description and the efficiency of technology implementation.