Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation（MICP）takes advantage of the metabolic activities of microorganisms to induce carbonate deposition and cement loose materials. The technology has been widely used due to its controllable reaction rate，high permeability，and environmental friendliness，having a good application prospect. In this paper，the principle of MICP technology，applied bacteria，mineralization and cementation mechanism，and the application of MICP technology in oil and gas field development are systematically reviewed. MICP can be achieved through urea hydrolysis，denitrification，sulfate reduction，or methane oxidation. The microorganisms inducing carbonate precipitation are mainly divided into extracellular polymer producing bacteria，urease producing bacteria，denitrifying bacteria，sulfate reducing bacteria and methane oxidizing bacteria. The MICP technology can induce carbonate precipitation by mineralization and act as a bridge to cement loose materials so that they can form a unified whole. Thus，MICP can be used to plug pores and fractures to prevent sand production in oil and gas wells and also improve the effectiveness of water flooding to enhance oil and gas recovery.